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Development psychology: An advance / Marc M. Bornstein
Title : Development psychology: An advance Material Type: printed text Authors: Marc M. Bornstein, Author Edition statement: 4th ed Publisher: New Delhi: New Rode Taxman Publication Date: 1999 Pagination: 657p Size: Book ISBN (or other code): Development Price: Rs.1600 Languages : English Descriptors: Development psychology Keywords: 'development psychology' Class number: 156 Development psychology: An advance [printed text] / Marc M. Bornstein, Author . - 4th ed . - [S.l.] : New Delhi: New Rode Taxman, 1999 . - 657p ; Book.
ISSN : Development : Rs.1600
Languages : English
Descriptors: Development psychology Keywords: 'development psychology' Class number: 156 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 665 156 BOR Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks / Jivan Kumar Pandit
Title : Effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Jivan Kumar Pandit, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 124p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15/B Languages : English Abstract: Banking sectors have innovated the use of branchless banking through agency banking, internet banking, automated teller machine (ATM), mobile banking and point of sale (POS) services. Branchless banking results into reduction of banking cost to both bank and to its customers. Therefore, agency banking, internet banking, ATM banking, mobile banking and POS banking are rapidly growing in terms of their usage.
The major objective of the study is to analyze the effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. More specifically, it identifies the effect of agency banking, internet banking, ATM banking, mobile banking and POS banking on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks.
The respondents of the study are the customer of the Nepalese commercial banks. The
opinions of 211 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of employees
regarding on effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix test, step-wise regression was conducted to order to analyze the relationship between branchless banking and profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The descriptive research conducted for fact finding of different variables. The study is based on primary and secondary sources of data from commercial banks of Nepal. Primary data were gathered for 23commercial bank from the 211 respondents through questionnaire. The respondents’ views were collected who work in commercial bank in Nepal. The study also used annual reports of 2017/18 of selected commercial banks to collect data.
The descriptive results show that weighted average mean scale for agency banking services is 4.19. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of agency banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through agency banking services. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for internet banking services is 4.27. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of internet banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through internet banking services. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for ATM banking services is 4.24. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of ATM banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through ATM banking services.
Similarly, weighted average mean scale for mobile banking services is 4.29. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of mobile banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through mobile banking services. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for POS banking services is 4.22. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of POS banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through POS banking services.
The result shows that agency banking is positively related to return on assets which indicates that better agency banking services leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, internet banking is positively related to return on assets indicating that better the internet services, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, ATM services are positively related to return on assets. It means that better ATM services leads to increase in return on assets. The result also shows that mobile banking is positively related to return on assets. It means that better mobile banking services leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, point of sale is positively correlated to return on assets. It indicates that increase in point of sale services in retail stores leads to increase in return on assets.
The result also shows that agency banking is positively related to return on equity which indicates that better agency banking services leads to increase in return on equity in Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, internet banking is positively related to return on equity indicating that better the internet services, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, ATM services are positively related to return on equity. It means that better ATM services leads to increase in return on equity. The result also shows that mobile banking is positively related to return on equity. It means that better mobile banking services leads to increase in return on equity. Likewise, point of sale is positively correlated to return on equity. It indicates that increase in point of sale services in retail stores leads to increase in return on equity.
The result shows that the beta coefficients for agency banking are positive with return on assets. It indicates that better agency banking services have positive impact on return on assets. Similarly, the beta coefficients for internet banking are positive with return on assets. This indicates that better internet banking has positive impact on return on assets. Likewise, the beta coefficients for ATM banking are positive with return on assets. This indicates that better ATM banking has positive impact on return on assets. Likewise, the beta coefficients for mobile banking are positive with return on assets. It indicates that better mobile banking has positive impact on return on assets. The result also reveals that beta coefficients for agency banking and internet banking are significant at five percent and one percent level of significance respectively.
The result shows that the beta coefficients for agency banking are positive with return on equity. It indicates that better agency banking services have positive impact on return on equity. Similarly, the beta coefficients for POS banking are positive with return on equity. This indicates that better POS banking has positive impact on return on equity. Likewise, the beta coefficients for ATM banking are positive with return on equity. This indicates that better ATM banking has positive impact on return on equity. Likewise, the beta coefficients for mobile banking are positive with return on equity. It indicates that better mobile banking has positive impact on return on equity. The result also reveals that beta coefficients for agency banking and POS banking are significant at five percent and one percent level of significance respectively.
Effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Jivan Kumar Pandit, Author . - 2019 . - 124p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Banking sectors have innovated the use of branchless banking through agency banking, internet banking, automated teller machine (ATM), mobile banking and point of sale (POS) services. Branchless banking results into reduction of banking cost to both bank and to its customers. Therefore, agency banking, internet banking, ATM banking, mobile banking and POS banking are rapidly growing in terms of their usage.
The major objective of the study is to analyze the effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. More specifically, it identifies the effect of agency banking, internet banking, ATM banking, mobile banking and POS banking on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks.
The respondents of the study are the customer of the Nepalese commercial banks. The
opinions of 211 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of employees
regarding on effect of branchless banking strategy on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix test, step-wise regression was conducted to order to analyze the relationship between branchless banking and profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The descriptive research conducted for fact finding of different variables. The study is based on primary and secondary sources of data from commercial banks of Nepal. Primary data were gathered for 23commercial bank from the 211 respondents through questionnaire. The respondents’ views were collected who work in commercial bank in Nepal. The study also used annual reports of 2017/18 of selected commercial banks to collect data.
The descriptive results show that weighted average mean scale for agency banking services is 4.19. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of agency banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through agency banking services. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for internet banking services is 4.27. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of internet banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through internet banking services. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for ATM banking services is 4.24. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of ATM banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through ATM banking services.
Similarly, weighted average mean scale for mobile banking services is 4.29. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of mobile banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through mobile banking services. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for POS banking services is 4.22. It indicates that banks are profitability on the quality of POS banking services provided by Nepalese commercial banks. In other words, the results indicate that Nepalese commercial banks able to profitability through POS banking services.
The result shows that agency banking is positively related to return on assets which indicates that better agency banking services leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, internet banking is positively related to return on assets indicating that better the internet services, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, ATM services are positively related to return on assets. It means that better ATM services leads to increase in return on assets. The result also shows that mobile banking is positively related to return on assets. It means that better mobile banking services leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, point of sale is positively correlated to return on assets. It indicates that increase in point of sale services in retail stores leads to increase in return on assets.
The result also shows that agency banking is positively related to return on equity which indicates that better agency banking services leads to increase in return on equity in Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, internet banking is positively related to return on equity indicating that better the internet services, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, ATM services are positively related to return on equity. It means that better ATM services leads to increase in return on equity. The result also shows that mobile banking is positively related to return on equity. It means that better mobile banking services leads to increase in return on equity. Likewise, point of sale is positively correlated to return on equity. It indicates that increase in point of sale services in retail stores leads to increase in return on equity.
The result shows that the beta coefficients for agency banking are positive with return on assets. It indicates that better agency banking services have positive impact on return on assets. Similarly, the beta coefficients for internet banking are positive with return on assets. This indicates that better internet banking has positive impact on return on assets. Likewise, the beta coefficients for ATM banking are positive with return on assets. This indicates that better ATM banking has positive impact on return on assets. Likewise, the beta coefficients for mobile banking are positive with return on assets. It indicates that better mobile banking has positive impact on return on assets. The result also reveals that beta coefficients for agency banking and internet banking are significant at five percent and one percent level of significance respectively.
The result shows that the beta coefficients for agency banking are positive with return on equity. It indicates that better agency banking services have positive impact on return on equity. Similarly, the beta coefficients for POS banking are positive with return on equity. This indicates that better POS banking has positive impact on return on equity. Likewise, the beta coefficients for ATM banking are positive with return on equity. This indicates that better ATM banking has positive impact on return on equity. Likewise, the beta coefficients for mobile banking are positive with return on equity. It indicates that better mobile banking has positive impact on return on equity. The result also reveals that beta coefficients for agency banking and POS banking are significant at five percent and one percent level of significance respectively.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 649/D JIV Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effect of credit management on the profitability of nepalese micro financial institutions / PunamBista
Title : Effect of credit management on the profitability of nepalese micro financial institutions Material Type: printed text Authors: PunamBista, Author Publication Date: 2020 Pagination: 111p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: Microfinance is the supply of loans, savings and other basic financial services to the poor. These owners of micro and small enterprises require a diverse range of financial instruments to meet working capital requirement, build assets, stabilize consumption, and shield themselves against risks (Ehigiamusoe, 2005). Microfinance banking is one of the measures of executive decision and strategic approach to the enhancement of capacity building, in human resources and industrial development of a social community environment. As a new separate strategic lifeline to the advancement of the business cycle and the aggregate level of market, micro credit support is seen to be a vital tool for enhancement of resource development (Obasi et al., 2014). According to Dandana and Nwele (2011), microfinance banking service that is well implemented play important role in modern society, as it provides micro credit loans to small and medium scale farmers and enterprises. It reduces poverty growth level and creates an enabling environment for social and political tranquillity. Because microfinance lending when properly managed benefits the poor rural farmers, small and medium scale enterprises.
Muasya (2013) empirically study the relationship between credit risk management practices and loans losses by commercial banks in Kenya. The study found that there is a significant negative relationship between credit risk management practices and loans losses in commercial banks in Kenya. Gul et al. (2013) examined the contribution of credit management on performance of small medium enterprises in Pakistan. The study revealed that number of days’ account, growth and firm size are directly related with profitability whereas number of days’ account receivable, number of day’s inventory, cash conversion cycle and debit ratio have and inverse relation with profitability. Sharma & Kumar (2011) investigated the effect of trade credit on profitability of Indian firms. The study revealed that trade credit and profitability is positively correlated in Indian companies.
The major objective of the study is to analyze the effect of credit management on the profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. The specific objectives of the study are to examine the impact of client appraisal on profitability of Nepalese MFIs, to analyze the relationship of credit risk control and terms of credit on profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions, to analyze the relationship of collection policy with profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions and to assess the most influencing factor affecting profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions.
This study is based on primary data of 25 Micro Financial Institutions with 148 observations in Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The questionnaires were multiple choice, ranking scale. Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables like client appraisal, credit risk control, collection policy and credit risk term measured in 5-point Likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose.
The major conclusion of the study shows that client appraisal, credit risk control, collection policy and credit risk term have positive and significant impact on profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. In addition, the most influencing factor affecting profitability of Nepalese MFIs is credit risk control followed by terms of credit and collection policy in Nepalese micro financial institutions.
Effect of credit management on the profitability of nepalese micro financial institutions [printed text] / PunamBista, Author . - 2020 . - 111p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: Microfinance is the supply of loans, savings and other basic financial services to the poor. These owners of micro and small enterprises require a diverse range of financial instruments to meet working capital requirement, build assets, stabilize consumption, and shield themselves against risks (Ehigiamusoe, 2005). Microfinance banking is one of the measures of executive decision and strategic approach to the enhancement of capacity building, in human resources and industrial development of a social community environment. As a new separate strategic lifeline to the advancement of the business cycle and the aggregate level of market, micro credit support is seen to be a vital tool for enhancement of resource development (Obasi et al., 2014). According to Dandana and Nwele (2011), microfinance banking service that is well implemented play important role in modern society, as it provides micro credit loans to small and medium scale farmers and enterprises. It reduces poverty growth level and creates an enabling environment for social and political tranquillity. Because microfinance lending when properly managed benefits the poor rural farmers, small and medium scale enterprises.
Muasya (2013) empirically study the relationship between credit risk management practices and loans losses by commercial banks in Kenya. The study found that there is a significant negative relationship between credit risk management practices and loans losses in commercial banks in Kenya. Gul et al. (2013) examined the contribution of credit management on performance of small medium enterprises in Pakistan. The study revealed that number of days’ account, growth and firm size are directly related with profitability whereas number of days’ account receivable, number of day’s inventory, cash conversion cycle and debit ratio have and inverse relation with profitability. Sharma & Kumar (2011) investigated the effect of trade credit on profitability of Indian firms. The study revealed that trade credit and profitability is positively correlated in Indian companies.
The major objective of the study is to analyze the effect of credit management on the profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. The specific objectives of the study are to examine the impact of client appraisal on profitability of Nepalese MFIs, to analyze the relationship of credit risk control and terms of credit on profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions, to analyze the relationship of collection policy with profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions and to assess the most influencing factor affecting profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions.
This study is based on primary data of 25 Micro Financial Institutions with 148 observations in Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The questionnaires were multiple choice, ranking scale. Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables like client appraisal, credit risk control, collection policy and credit risk term measured in 5-point Likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose.
The major conclusion of the study shows that client appraisal, credit risk control, collection policy and credit risk term have positive and significant impact on profitability of Nepalese Micro Financial Institutions. In addition, the most influencing factor affecting profitability of Nepalese MFIs is credit risk control followed by terms of credit and collection policy in Nepalese micro financial institutions.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 720/D PUN Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effect of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks / Pragati Kumari
Title : Effect of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Pragati Kumari, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 139p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Liquidity risk is the potential for loss to an institution, arising from either its inability to meet its obligations or to fund increases in assets as they fall due without incurring unacceptable cost or losses. Credit risk is the risk resulting from non-payment of all or part of the initial granted facilities and their profit, or the risk resulting from failure to return the profits of bank investment, in other words credit risk is the risk of not receiving timely cash flow from bank granted facilities. performance. Market risk can be defined as the possibility of loss to bank caused by the changes in the market variables. It is the risk that the value of on-/off-balance sheet positions will be adversely affected by movements in equity and interest rate markets, currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Market risk is the risk to the bank's earnings and capital due to changes in the market level of interest rates or prices of securities, foreign exchange and equities, as well as the volatilities, of those prices. Credit risk has negative relationship with return on equity, capital adequacy ratio, gross domestic product and bank branch but positive relationship with inflation and capital to total deposit. Liquidity in commercial banks is influenced by profitability and at the same time, profitability levels are influenced by the banks’ liquidity.
The study attempts to examine the effect of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Profitability measured in terms of return on assets and return on equity are the dependent variables. The independent variables are loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan, capital adequacy ratio, net interest margin and leverage. The study is based on secondary data of 18 commercial banks with 126 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected commercial banks. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese banking.
The result shows that the average return on assets is highest for NABIL (2.85 percent) and lowest for MBL (1.12 percent)., average return on equity is highest for NABIL (28.09 percent) and lowest for MBL (11.44 percent)., loan to deposit ratio is highest for ADBL (95.29 percent) and lowest for SCBL (56.68 percent), average current ratio is highest for NICA (33.41 percent and lowest for SBI (10.68 percent), average non-performing loan is highest for ADBL (5.43 percent) and lowest for SBI (0.26 percent), average capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (17.85 percent) and lowest for HBL (11.48 percent), average net interest margin is highest for ADBL (5.40 percent) and lowest for LBL (2.71 percent), and average leverage is highest for EBL (11.16 percent) and lowest for GIBL (3.63 percent).
The descriptive statistics shows that the return on assets ranges from a minimum of 0.15 percent to a maximum of 4.01 percent to an average of 1.74 percent. Similarly, the return on equity ranges from minimum of 1.40 percent to a maximum of 32.80 percent leading to an average of 16.90 percent. Loan to deposit ratio varies from a minimum of 48.89 percent to a maximum of 117.38 percent leading to an average of 79.44 percent. Similarly, current ratio varies from minimum of 6.00 percent to a maximum of 68.57 percent leading to an average of 18.19 percent. Non-performing loan ranges from a minimum of 0.07 percent to a maximum of 8.98 percent leading to an average of 1.68 percent. Capital adequacy ratio varies from a minimum of 10.63 percent to a maximum of 22.99 percent leading to an average of 13.08 percent, net interest margin varies from 1.97 percent to a maximum of 5.76 percent leading to an average of 3.47 percent. Likewise, leverage ranges from minimum of 1.33 percent to a maximum of 16.98 percent leading to an average of 8.57 percent.
The result shows capital adequacy ratio has a positive relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, net interest margin has a positive relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in net interest margin leads to increase in return on assets. However, the study shows that loan to deposit ratio is negatively correlated to return on assets. It reveals that increase in loan to deposit ratio leads to decrease in return on assets. Similarly, there is a negative relationship of current ratio with return on assets. It indicates that higher the current ratio, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, non-performing loan has a negative relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to decrease in return on assets. The result also reveals that leverage has a negative relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in leverage leads to decrease in return on assets.
The study also reveals that loan to deposit ratio has a negative relationship with return on equity. It indicates that increase in loan to deposit ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Similarly, the study shows that current ratio is negatively correlated to return on equity. It reveals that increase in current ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Likewise, Capital adequacy ratio has a negative relationship with return on equity. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Similarly, non-performing loan is negatively correlated to return on equity. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to decrease in return on equity. However, the study shows that net interest margin has a positive relationship with return on equity. It reveals that increase in net interest margin leads to increase in return on equity. Likewise, there is a positive relationship of leverage with return on equity. It indicates that higher the leverage, higher would be the return on equity.
The regression results of return on assets shows that leverage has negative and significant impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the leverage lower would be the return on assets. Likewise, loan to deposit ratio, current ratio and non-performing loan have negative impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the loan to deposit ratio, current ratio and non-performing loan lower would be the return on assets. However, net interest margin has positive and significant impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the net interest margin higher would be the return on assets. Likewise, capital adequacy ratio has positive impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the capital adequacy ratio higher would be the return on assets. The regression analysis of return on equity shows that beta coefficients are negative for loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan and capital adequacy ratio indicating that higher the loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan and capital adequacy ratio lower would be the profitability and vice-versa. However, it is positive for net interest margin and leverage indicating that higher the net interest margin and leverage, higher would be the profitability and vice-versa. The regression results show that market risk (in terms of net interest margin and leverage) is the most significant factor affecting the profitability (measured by ROA) of Nepalese commercial banks. The regression results show that liquidity risk (in terms of loan to deposit ratio and current ratio) and market risk (in terms of net interest margin and leverage) are the most significant factors affecting the profitability (measured by ROE) of Nepalese commercial banks.
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Effect of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Pragati Kumari, Author . - 2019 . - 139p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Liquidity risk is the potential for loss to an institution, arising from either its inability to meet its obligations or to fund increases in assets as they fall due without incurring unacceptable cost or losses. Credit risk is the risk resulting from non-payment of all or part of the initial granted facilities and their profit, or the risk resulting from failure to return the profits of bank investment, in other words credit risk is the risk of not receiving timely cash flow from bank granted facilities. performance. Market risk can be defined as the possibility of loss to bank caused by the changes in the market variables. It is the risk that the value of on-/off-balance sheet positions will be adversely affected by movements in equity and interest rate markets, currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Market risk is the risk to the bank's earnings and capital due to changes in the market level of interest rates or prices of securities, foreign exchange and equities, as well as the volatilities, of those prices. Credit risk has negative relationship with return on equity, capital adequacy ratio, gross domestic product and bank branch but positive relationship with inflation and capital to total deposit. Liquidity in commercial banks is influenced by profitability and at the same time, profitability levels are influenced by the banks’ liquidity.
The study attempts to examine the effect of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Profitability measured in terms of return on assets and return on equity are the dependent variables. The independent variables are loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan, capital adequacy ratio, net interest margin and leverage. The study is based on secondary data of 18 commercial banks with 126 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected commercial banks. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of liquidity risk, credit risk and market risk on profitability of Nepalese banking.
The result shows that the average return on assets is highest for NABIL (2.85 percent) and lowest for MBL (1.12 percent)., average return on equity is highest for NABIL (28.09 percent) and lowest for MBL (11.44 percent)., loan to deposit ratio is highest for ADBL (95.29 percent) and lowest for SCBL (56.68 percent), average current ratio is highest for NICA (33.41 percent and lowest for SBI (10.68 percent), average non-performing loan is highest for ADBL (5.43 percent) and lowest for SBI (0.26 percent), average capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (17.85 percent) and lowest for HBL (11.48 percent), average net interest margin is highest for ADBL (5.40 percent) and lowest for LBL (2.71 percent), and average leverage is highest for EBL (11.16 percent) and lowest for GIBL (3.63 percent).
The descriptive statistics shows that the return on assets ranges from a minimum of 0.15 percent to a maximum of 4.01 percent to an average of 1.74 percent. Similarly, the return on equity ranges from minimum of 1.40 percent to a maximum of 32.80 percent leading to an average of 16.90 percent. Loan to deposit ratio varies from a minimum of 48.89 percent to a maximum of 117.38 percent leading to an average of 79.44 percent. Similarly, current ratio varies from minimum of 6.00 percent to a maximum of 68.57 percent leading to an average of 18.19 percent. Non-performing loan ranges from a minimum of 0.07 percent to a maximum of 8.98 percent leading to an average of 1.68 percent. Capital adequacy ratio varies from a minimum of 10.63 percent to a maximum of 22.99 percent leading to an average of 13.08 percent, net interest margin varies from 1.97 percent to a maximum of 5.76 percent leading to an average of 3.47 percent. Likewise, leverage ranges from minimum of 1.33 percent to a maximum of 16.98 percent leading to an average of 8.57 percent.
The result shows capital adequacy ratio has a positive relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio leads to increase in return on assets. Likewise, net interest margin has a positive relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in net interest margin leads to increase in return on assets. However, the study shows that loan to deposit ratio is negatively correlated to return on assets. It reveals that increase in loan to deposit ratio leads to decrease in return on assets. Similarly, there is a negative relationship of current ratio with return on assets. It indicates that higher the current ratio, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, non-performing loan has a negative relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to decrease in return on assets. The result also reveals that leverage has a negative relationship with return on assets. It indicates that increase in leverage leads to decrease in return on assets.
The study also reveals that loan to deposit ratio has a negative relationship with return on equity. It indicates that increase in loan to deposit ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Similarly, the study shows that current ratio is negatively correlated to return on equity. It reveals that increase in current ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Likewise, Capital adequacy ratio has a negative relationship with return on equity. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio leads to decrease in return on equity. Similarly, non-performing loan is negatively correlated to return on equity. It indicates that increase in non-performing loan leads to decrease in return on equity. However, the study shows that net interest margin has a positive relationship with return on equity. It reveals that increase in net interest margin leads to increase in return on equity. Likewise, there is a positive relationship of leverage with return on equity. It indicates that higher the leverage, higher would be the return on equity.
The regression results of return on assets shows that leverage has negative and significant impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the leverage lower would be the return on assets. Likewise, loan to deposit ratio, current ratio and non-performing loan have negative impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the loan to deposit ratio, current ratio and non-performing loan lower would be the return on assets. However, net interest margin has positive and significant impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the net interest margin higher would be the return on assets. Likewise, capital adequacy ratio has positive impact on return on assets. This indicates higher the capital adequacy ratio higher would be the return on assets. The regression analysis of return on equity shows that beta coefficients are negative for loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan and capital adequacy ratio indicating that higher the loan to deposit ratio, current ratio, non-performing loan and capital adequacy ratio lower would be the profitability and vice-versa. However, it is positive for net interest margin and leverage indicating that higher the net interest margin and leverage, higher would be the profitability and vice-versa. The regression results show that market risk (in terms of net interest margin and leverage) is the most significant factor affecting the profitability (measured by ROA) of Nepalese commercial banks. The regression results show that liquidity risk (in terms of loan to deposit ratio and current ratio) and market risk (in terms of net interest margin and leverage) are the most significant factors affecting the profitability (measured by ROE) of Nepalese commercial banks.
List of abbreviations
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 624/D PRA Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effect of market valuation measures on stock price of the Nepalese commercial banks / Lok Raj Ojha
Title : Effect of market valuation measures on stock price of the Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Lok Raj Ojha, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 118p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 1st/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: The stock market plays a significant role in the economy of a country and important role in the allocation of resources, both directly as a source of funds and as a determinant of firms' value and its borrowing capacity. It works as an intermediary between savers and companies seeking additional financing for business expansion. A stock market is very crucial to sustainable economic growth as it can assure the flow of resources to the most productive investment opportunities (Tease, 1993). The recognition of vital sectors in the stock exchange and the identification of the dynamic variables affecting stock prices occupy an important position in the growth and development of the stock exchange. They also play an important role in dynamic issues of securities exchanges. The estimation of market valuation indicators and their impact on stock price is expected to help in true deal, and these result in closing the deal price of stocks to their normal prices (Nazemi M., 2012). The market price of a share is a key factor that influence investment decision of stock market. The share price is one of the most important indicators available to the investors for their decision to invest or not in a particular stock (Gill & Mathur, 2012).
This study attempts to examine an effect of market valuation measure on stock price of the Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on the secondary data which are gathered for 21 Nepalese commercial banks with 147 observations for the period of 7 years from 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data are collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design. Therefore, s regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of market valuation measure variables on the stock price of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the average stock return is highest for ADBL (64 percent) and lowest for KBL (-4.81 percent). The average market price of share is highest for SCBL (Rs.2293.72) and lowest for JBNL (Rs.192.29). The average Earning per share is highest for NABIL (Rs.68.81) and lowest for JBNL (Rs.10.15). NIBL has highest average bank size (Rs.111, 703 million) and JBNL has lowest average bank size (Rs.32, 806 million). EBL has highest average book value per share (Rs.299.05) and CZBIL has lowest average book value per share (Rs.121.69). The descriptive analysis shows that the average stock return and average market price of share are 20.71 percent and Rs.687.55 percent of selected commercial banks. The results also show that the average book value per share and earning per share are Rs.178.85 percent and Rs.32.68 respectively for selected commercial banks. Average bank size is Rs.62375.47 million. The average price earnings ratio is 22.92 times, dividend per share is Rs25.34 and dividend payout ratio is 0.9971 percent.
The correlation matrix of selected commercial banks shows that the market price of share, stock return have positive relationship with earning per share .However, dividend payout ratio have negative relationship with stock return and market price of share. The result shows that dividend per share and book value per share are positively correlated to market price of share. Similarly, the result revealed that bank size is positively correlated to market price of share. The study showed that price earnings ratio is positively related to stock return. The correlation result revealed that earning per share is positively correlated to stock return. However, book value per share, dividend payout ratio have negatively correlated to stock return. Furthermore, the bank size and price earning per share have positive correlation with stock return.
The regression results shows that earning per share has a significant and positive impact on market price of share and stock return. Likewise, dividend payout ratio has negative impact on market price per share and stock return. The significant and positive beta coefficient of bank size with market price of share and stock return. Likewise, the positive beta coefficient of price earnings ratio with the market price of share. In addition, the significant and positive beta coefficient of dividend per share with the market price of share. Book value has positive and significant effects on market price per share. Likewise, the positive beta coefficient of price earnings ratio with the stock return. On the other hand, dividend per share has negative impact on stock return showing In addition book value per share has negative beta coefficient with stock return.
The report also investigates the fact that the analysis conducted has limitations. Finance companies and development banks has not been used in study, only 21 commercial banks have been used as sample due to availability of data and the study has assumed the linear relationship between dependent and independent variables.
Effect of market valuation measures on stock price of the Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Lok Raj Ojha, Author . - 2019 . - 118p. ; GRP/Thesis + 1st/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: The stock market plays a significant role in the economy of a country and important role in the allocation of resources, both directly as a source of funds and as a determinant of firms' value and its borrowing capacity. It works as an intermediary between savers and companies seeking additional financing for business expansion. A stock market is very crucial to sustainable economic growth as it can assure the flow of resources to the most productive investment opportunities (Tease, 1993). The recognition of vital sectors in the stock exchange and the identification of the dynamic variables affecting stock prices occupy an important position in the growth and development of the stock exchange. They also play an important role in dynamic issues of securities exchanges. The estimation of market valuation indicators and their impact on stock price is expected to help in true deal, and these result in closing the deal price of stocks to their normal prices (Nazemi M., 2012). The market price of a share is a key factor that influence investment decision of stock market. The share price is one of the most important indicators available to the investors for their decision to invest or not in a particular stock (Gill & Mathur, 2012).
This study attempts to examine an effect of market valuation measure on stock price of the Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on the secondary data which are gathered for 21 Nepalese commercial banks with 147 observations for the period of 7 years from 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data are collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design. Therefore, s regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of market valuation measure variables on the stock price of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the average stock return is highest for ADBL (64 percent) and lowest for KBL (-4.81 percent). The average market price of share is highest for SCBL (Rs.2293.72) and lowest for JBNL (Rs.192.29). The average Earning per share is highest for NABIL (Rs.68.81) and lowest for JBNL (Rs.10.15). NIBL has highest average bank size (Rs.111, 703 million) and JBNL has lowest average bank size (Rs.32, 806 million). EBL has highest average book value per share (Rs.299.05) and CZBIL has lowest average book value per share (Rs.121.69). The descriptive analysis shows that the average stock return and average market price of share are 20.71 percent and Rs.687.55 percent of selected commercial banks. The results also show that the average book value per share and earning per share are Rs.178.85 percent and Rs.32.68 respectively for selected commercial banks. Average bank size is Rs.62375.47 million. The average price earnings ratio is 22.92 times, dividend per share is Rs25.34 and dividend payout ratio is 0.9971 percent.
The correlation matrix of selected commercial banks shows that the market price of share, stock return have positive relationship with earning per share .However, dividend payout ratio have negative relationship with stock return and market price of share. The result shows that dividend per share and book value per share are positively correlated to market price of share. Similarly, the result revealed that bank size is positively correlated to market price of share. The study showed that price earnings ratio is positively related to stock return. The correlation result revealed that earning per share is positively correlated to stock return. However, book value per share, dividend payout ratio have negatively correlated to stock return. Furthermore, the bank size and price earning per share have positive correlation with stock return.
The regression results shows that earning per share has a significant and positive impact on market price of share and stock return. Likewise, dividend payout ratio has negative impact on market price per share and stock return. The significant and positive beta coefficient of bank size with market price of share and stock return. Likewise, the positive beta coefficient of price earnings ratio with the market price of share. In addition, the significant and positive beta coefficient of dividend per share with the market price of share. Book value has positive and significant effects on market price per share. Likewise, the positive beta coefficient of price earnings ratio with the stock return. On the other hand, dividend per share has negative impact on stock return showing In addition book value per share has negative beta coefficient with stock return.
The report also investigates the fact that the analysis conducted has limitations. Finance companies and development banks has not been used in study, only 21 commercial banks have been used as sample due to availability of data and the study has assumed the linear relationship between dependent and independent variables.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 622/D LOK Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effect of merger and acquisition on employee morale and satisfaction of nepalese commercial banks / Chhewang Dolma shrepa
Title : Effect of merger and acquisition on employee morale and satisfaction of nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Chhewang Dolma shrepa, Author Publication Date: 2020 Pagination: 111p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: Business transformation in many emerging economies has seen the rise of growth drivers that includes the search for new markets, higher competition in local markets, and new venture capitalists’ interest in developing markets. In today’s globalize economy, mergers and acquisitions (M & A) are being increasingly used all over the world for improving competitiveness of companies through gaining greater market share, broadening the portfolio to reduce business risk, for entering new markets and geographies, and capitalizing on economies of scale among other (Kemal, 2011). The sectors which are most affected by merger and acquisition activity are service and knowledge-based industries such as banking (Contractor et al., 2003).
Mariappan (2003) found that key issue the corporate sector has been facing today with regard to merger and acquisition is management of human resources. Goyal & Vijay (2011) revealed that the major psychological factors of merger and acquisition among employees are uncertainty, changes on job, and threat of job loss. Likewise, Al-Ali et al. (2019) concluded that job satisfaction factor has a significant direct positive relationship with both factors the employees’ performance and the job happiness, while it has a negative insignificant relationship with employees’ turnover intention.
Raju et al. (2015) concluded that the M&A activities are increasing in Nepalese banking and financial institutions. The employees are less feared of losing job, they get satisfied with the work and working condition and find the job quite challenging and interesting. The main negative impact seen among employees is regarding HR issues like cultural complexity, favoritism, senior managements‟ clash in positions, problem in socialization etc.
The main objective of the study is to examine the effect of merger and acquisition on employee’s morale and satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives are to analyze the perception of employee’s communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance of merged Nepalese commercial banks, to assess the relationship of employee communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance with employee morale and job satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks, to investigate the impact of employee communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance on employee morale and job satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks and to examine the most influencing factor affecting employee’s morale and job satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks.
The primary source of data is used to examine the effect of merger and acquisition on employee morale and satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks. The survey is based on 212 observations from 14 commercial banks of Nepal. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated with the effect of merger and acquisition from the employee perspective.
The results of correlation analysis show that employee communication, employee motivation and employee performance have positive relationship with employee morale and job satisfaction. Whereas, employee turnover and employee stress have negative relationship with employee morale and job satisfaction. The result of regression analysis shows that the beta coefficients of employee communication, employee motivation and employee performance have positive impact on employee morale and job satisfaction. Similarly, result also shows that beta coefficients of employee turnover and employee stress have negative impact on employee morale and job satisfaction.
The study concludes that merger and acquisition have significant impact on the employee’s morale and satisfaction. The study also concludes that the most influencing factor for affecting the employee’s morale and satisfaction is employee performance followed by employee motivation and employee communication.
Effect of merger and acquisition on employee morale and satisfaction of nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Chhewang Dolma shrepa, Author . - 2020 . - 111p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: Business transformation in many emerging economies has seen the rise of growth drivers that includes the search for new markets, higher competition in local markets, and new venture capitalists’ interest in developing markets. In today’s globalize economy, mergers and acquisitions (M & A) are being increasingly used all over the world for improving competitiveness of companies through gaining greater market share, broadening the portfolio to reduce business risk, for entering new markets and geographies, and capitalizing on economies of scale among other (Kemal, 2011). The sectors which are most affected by merger and acquisition activity are service and knowledge-based industries such as banking (Contractor et al., 2003).
Mariappan (2003) found that key issue the corporate sector has been facing today with regard to merger and acquisition is management of human resources. Goyal & Vijay (2011) revealed that the major psychological factors of merger and acquisition among employees are uncertainty, changes on job, and threat of job loss. Likewise, Al-Ali et al. (2019) concluded that job satisfaction factor has a significant direct positive relationship with both factors the employees’ performance and the job happiness, while it has a negative insignificant relationship with employees’ turnover intention.
Raju et al. (2015) concluded that the M&A activities are increasing in Nepalese banking and financial institutions. The employees are less feared of losing job, they get satisfied with the work and working condition and find the job quite challenging and interesting. The main negative impact seen among employees is regarding HR issues like cultural complexity, favoritism, senior managements‟ clash in positions, problem in socialization etc.
The main objective of the study is to examine the effect of merger and acquisition on employee’s morale and satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives are to analyze the perception of employee’s communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance of merged Nepalese commercial banks, to assess the relationship of employee communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance with employee morale and job satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks, to investigate the impact of employee communication, employee turnover, employee stress level, employee motivation and employee performance on employee morale and job satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks and to examine the most influencing factor affecting employee’s morale and job satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks.
The primary source of data is used to examine the effect of merger and acquisition on employee morale and satisfaction of Nepalese commercial banks. The survey is based on 212 observations from 14 commercial banks of Nepal. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated with the effect of merger and acquisition from the employee perspective.
The results of correlation analysis show that employee communication, employee motivation and employee performance have positive relationship with employee morale and job satisfaction. Whereas, employee turnover and employee stress have negative relationship with employee morale and job satisfaction. The result of regression analysis shows that the beta coefficients of employee communication, employee motivation and employee performance have positive impact on employee morale and job satisfaction. Similarly, result also shows that beta coefficients of employee turnover and employee stress have negative impact on employee morale and job satisfaction.
The study concludes that merger and acquisition have significant impact on the employee’s morale and satisfaction. The study also concludes that the most influencing factor for affecting the employee’s morale and satisfaction is employee performance followed by employee motivation and employee communication.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 713/D CHH Maps and Plans Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effects of advertisement on consumer's buying behavior with references to FMCGs in kathmandu valley / Nitesh Raj Shakya
Title : Effects of advertisement on consumer's buying behavior with references to FMCGs in kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Nitesh Raj Shakya, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 92p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 10/B Languages : English Abstract: Over the years, the advertisement market has grown significantly. As business activities have increased notably and the media’s penetration has increased dramatically, advertisements have also surged quantity wise. Nevertheless, in terms of creativity and branding we lag behind. The term FMCG (fast moving consumer goods), although popular and frequently used does not have a standard definition and is generally used in India to refer to products of everyday use. Conceptually, however, the term refers to relatively fast moving items that are used directly by the consumer.
Advertisements won’t be creative if the objectives are not clear. There is a communication gap between the advertisement agencies and advertisers. The clients do not properly brief their agencies about the products and services they launch or introduce into the market. Similarly, the agencies do not usually go to their clients with proper homework. If we want advertisements to be effective, the briefing and outline must be clear. Similarly, the definition of creativity is not clear in our context. The agencies and their clients see creativity differently. All these factors ultimately lead to ineffective outputs. Brand management is an integral part of any marketing campaign. If we can handle the brand management side effectively, advertisements will become more efficient. The agencies as well as the advertisers should have the knowledge about fundamentals of advertisement. It is essential to know the brand management before agencies and their clients embark on advertisement campaigns of products and services. Most of the companies in the Nepali advertising sector are media agencies. They are not advertising agencies. We do not have brand management and consulting agencies. It is high time for us to have brand management, consulting and boutique design agencies that can cater to the needs of the clients properly. Globally, such verticals have more hold on the brand management of clients.
The main purpose of this study is to examine advertising factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product in context of Kathmandu valley. Other specific objectives are to analyze the perception of consumers on the level of advertisement specific factors (Necessity, Pleasure, Dominance, Brand Recall and Stimulation) of FMCGs product in Kathmandu valley, to determine the relationship of advertisement specific factors and consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product, to find out the most important advertisement specific factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product, to examine the impact of advertisement specific factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product.
The study is based on primary sources of data and designed to measure the factors effecting advertisement on consumer’s buying behavior of FMCGs in Kathmandu valley. Total observation for the study consists of 120 respondents. The following model is estimated for analyzing factor effecting advertisement on consumer’s buying behavior of FMCGs in Kathmandu valley. The instruments are descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. To analyze the reliability and validity of the data, Cronbach’s alpha (α) is used. Frequencies, percent, mean, correlation and test of significance are used in this study to measure the determinants of customer satisfaction. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design. In order to achieve the objectives questionnaire was made and distributed to different consumers of Kathmandu valley. The questions were asked in the form of multiple choice, ranking, and five point likert scale questions. The likert scale questions of different variables were measured in 5-point likert scale.
The study concluded that advertisements have significant impact on the consumer’s buying behavior and widen their choices. The study concludes that the advertisement has huge effect on the sale of FMCG product regarding on the variable analysis (necessity, pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation). The study also concludes that pleasure of advertisement, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are the most dominant factors that influence the consumer’s buying behavior on fast moving consumer goods in Kathmandu valley
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The study found that pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are the 4 major factors, whereas necessity as least factor influencing the effect of advertisement on consumer’s buying behaviour of fast moving consumer goods in Kathmandu valley. The result shows that necessity, pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are positively related to the consumer’s buying behavior.
Effects of advertisement on consumer's buying behavior with references to FMCGs in kathmandu valley [printed text] / Nitesh Raj Shakya, Author . - 2019 . - 92p. ; GRP/Thesis + 10/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Over the years, the advertisement market has grown significantly. As business activities have increased notably and the media’s penetration has increased dramatically, advertisements have also surged quantity wise. Nevertheless, in terms of creativity and branding we lag behind. The term FMCG (fast moving consumer goods), although popular and frequently used does not have a standard definition and is generally used in India to refer to products of everyday use. Conceptually, however, the term refers to relatively fast moving items that are used directly by the consumer.
Advertisements won’t be creative if the objectives are not clear. There is a communication gap between the advertisement agencies and advertisers. The clients do not properly brief their agencies about the products and services they launch or introduce into the market. Similarly, the agencies do not usually go to their clients with proper homework. If we want advertisements to be effective, the briefing and outline must be clear. Similarly, the definition of creativity is not clear in our context. The agencies and their clients see creativity differently. All these factors ultimately lead to ineffective outputs. Brand management is an integral part of any marketing campaign. If we can handle the brand management side effectively, advertisements will become more efficient. The agencies as well as the advertisers should have the knowledge about fundamentals of advertisement. It is essential to know the brand management before agencies and their clients embark on advertisement campaigns of products and services. Most of the companies in the Nepali advertising sector are media agencies. They are not advertising agencies. We do not have brand management and consulting agencies. It is high time for us to have brand management, consulting and boutique design agencies that can cater to the needs of the clients properly. Globally, such verticals have more hold on the brand management of clients.
The main purpose of this study is to examine advertising factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product in context of Kathmandu valley. Other specific objectives are to analyze the perception of consumers on the level of advertisement specific factors (Necessity, Pleasure, Dominance, Brand Recall and Stimulation) of FMCGs product in Kathmandu valley, to determine the relationship of advertisement specific factors and consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product, to find out the most important advertisement specific factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product, to examine the impact of advertisement specific factors affecting consumer buying behavior of FMCGs product.
The study is based on primary sources of data and designed to measure the factors effecting advertisement on consumer’s buying behavior of FMCGs in Kathmandu valley. Total observation for the study consists of 120 respondents. The following model is estimated for analyzing factor effecting advertisement on consumer’s buying behavior of FMCGs in Kathmandu valley. The instruments are descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. To analyze the reliability and validity of the data, Cronbach’s alpha (α) is used. Frequencies, percent, mean, correlation and test of significance are used in this study to measure the determinants of customer satisfaction. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design. In order to achieve the objectives questionnaire was made and distributed to different consumers of Kathmandu valley. The questions were asked in the form of multiple choice, ranking, and five point likert scale questions. The likert scale questions of different variables were measured in 5-point likert scale.
The study concluded that advertisements have significant impact on the consumer’s buying behavior and widen their choices. The study concludes that the advertisement has huge effect on the sale of FMCG product regarding on the variable analysis (necessity, pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation). The study also concludes that pleasure of advertisement, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are the most dominant factors that influence the consumer’s buying behavior on fast moving consumer goods in Kathmandu valley
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The study found that pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are the 4 major factors, whereas necessity as least factor influencing the effect of advertisement on consumer’s buying behaviour of fast moving consumer goods in Kathmandu valley. The result shows that necessity, pleasure, dominance, brand recall and stimulation are positively related to the consumer’s buying behavior.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 598/D NIT Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Effects of the central bank prudential guidelines on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks / Bishal Acharya
Title : Effects of the central bank prudential guidelines on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Bishal Acharya, Author Publication Date: 2018 Pagination: 109p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 12/B Languages : English Abstract: Pasiouras (2009) revealed that bank regulation increased the market discipline and enhanced the banks cost efficiency. Bank regulations are a form of government regulation which subjected the banks to certain requirements, restrictions and guidelines. This regulatory structure creates transparency between banking institutions and the corporation with whom they conduct business, among other factors. Regulations aimed at ensuring the safe and sound operation of financial institutions, set by both state and federal authorities. On one hand, it serves as prudential measures that mitigate the effects of economic crises on the stability of the banking system and subsequent accompanying macroeconomic results. On the other hand, excessive regulations may increase the cost of inter mediation and reduce the profitability of the banking industry.
The health of the financial system has important role in the country (Das & Ghosh, 2007). The failure can disrupt economic development of the country in order to prevents such risks form the future uncertainty central bank must regulated the operations of commercial banks on a regular basis. Commercial banks are the most important savings mobilization and financial resources allocation institution. Eventually, those roles make them an important phenomenon in economic growth and development. In order for them to perform these roles, it must be realized that banks have the potential, scope and prospects of financial inter mediation (Olokoyo, 2011)
This study attempts to observe the effect of central bank prudential guidelines on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks regulations. This study is based on secondary data of 18 commercial banks of Nepal for the time period of 2008/09 to 2016/17, leading to a total of 162 observations. Data and information have been collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics, Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design as it deals with the relationship between central bank regulations and the performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that average return on assets is highest for NBBL (3.78 percent) and lowest for NCCBL (1.65 percent). Similarly, the average return on equity is highest for NABIL(28.53 percent) and lowest for MBL (9.01 percent), the average non-performing loan ratio is highest for ADBL (7.09 percent) and lowest for SUBL (0.26 percent), the average capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (17.61 percent) and lowest for HBL (10.19 percent), the average liquidity ratio for SCBL (54.58 percent) and lowest for ADBL (23.62 percent), the average operating expense ratio is highest for ADBL (53.27 percent) and lowest for NIBL (25.16 percent), the average interest rate spread is highest for ADBL (6.16 percent) and lowest for NSBI (3.28 percent), the average bank size is highest for NABIL (Rs.86.84 billion) and lowest for NMBL (Rs.8.72 billion).
The descriptive statistics indicates that the average return on equity is 18.30 percent, return on assets is 1.73 percent, interest rate spread is 4.20 percent, non-performing loan ratio is 2.22 percent, capital adequacy ratio is 12.97 percent, deprived sector lending is Rs. 1498.35 million, credit to core deposit ratio is 15.02 percent, and cash reserve ratio is 15.02 percent.
The correlation matrix shows that there is positive relationship between interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending with return on equity. It indicates that higher the interest rate spread higher would be return on equity. Similarly, interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio, and deprived sector lending is positively related to return on assets. It indicates that increase in interest rate spread and non-performance loan ratio leads to increase on return on assets. There is negative relationship between capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio, and cash reserve ratio with return on equity. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio lower would be return on equity. The result also shows that capital adequacy ratio and credit to core deposit ratio negatively related to return on assets. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio and credit to core deposit ratio leads to increase in return on assets.
The regression result shows that interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending have positive and significant impact on return on assets. It indicates that larger the interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending higher would be the return on assets.Similarly, interest rate spread and non-performing loan ratio have positive and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the interest rate spread and non-performing loan ratio higher would be return on equity.However, capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio has negative and significant impact on return on assets. The result indicated that higher the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio lower would be return on assets. Moreover, the result also shows that capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio has negative and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that larger the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio higher would be the return on equity.
Effects of the central bank prudential guidelines on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Bishal Acharya, Author . - 2018 . - 109p. ; GRP/Thesis + 12/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Pasiouras (2009) revealed that bank regulation increased the market discipline and enhanced the banks cost efficiency. Bank regulations are a form of government regulation which subjected the banks to certain requirements, restrictions and guidelines. This regulatory structure creates transparency between banking institutions and the corporation with whom they conduct business, among other factors. Regulations aimed at ensuring the safe and sound operation of financial institutions, set by both state and federal authorities. On one hand, it serves as prudential measures that mitigate the effects of economic crises on the stability of the banking system and subsequent accompanying macroeconomic results. On the other hand, excessive regulations may increase the cost of inter mediation and reduce the profitability of the banking industry.
The health of the financial system has important role in the country (Das & Ghosh, 2007). The failure can disrupt economic development of the country in order to prevents such risks form the future uncertainty central bank must regulated the operations of commercial banks on a regular basis. Commercial banks are the most important savings mobilization and financial resources allocation institution. Eventually, those roles make them an important phenomenon in economic growth and development. In order for them to perform these roles, it must be realized that banks have the potential, scope and prospects of financial inter mediation (Olokoyo, 2011)
This study attempts to observe the effect of central bank prudential guidelines on the performance of Nepalese commercial banks regulations. This study is based on secondary data of 18 commercial banks of Nepal for the time period of 2008/09 to 2016/17, leading to a total of 162 observations. Data and information have been collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics, Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design as it deals with the relationship between central bank regulations and the performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that average return on assets is highest for NBBL (3.78 percent) and lowest for NCCBL (1.65 percent). Similarly, the average return on equity is highest for NABIL(28.53 percent) and lowest for MBL (9.01 percent), the average non-performing loan ratio is highest for ADBL (7.09 percent) and lowest for SUBL (0.26 percent), the average capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (17.61 percent) and lowest for HBL (10.19 percent), the average liquidity ratio for SCBL (54.58 percent) and lowest for ADBL (23.62 percent), the average operating expense ratio is highest for ADBL (53.27 percent) and lowest for NIBL (25.16 percent), the average interest rate spread is highest for ADBL (6.16 percent) and lowest for NSBI (3.28 percent), the average bank size is highest for NABIL (Rs.86.84 billion) and lowest for NMBL (Rs.8.72 billion).
The descriptive statistics indicates that the average return on equity is 18.30 percent, return on assets is 1.73 percent, interest rate spread is 4.20 percent, non-performing loan ratio is 2.22 percent, capital adequacy ratio is 12.97 percent, deprived sector lending is Rs. 1498.35 million, credit to core deposit ratio is 15.02 percent, and cash reserve ratio is 15.02 percent.
The correlation matrix shows that there is positive relationship between interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending with return on equity. It indicates that higher the interest rate spread higher would be return on equity. Similarly, interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio, and deprived sector lending is positively related to return on assets. It indicates that increase in interest rate spread and non-performance loan ratio leads to increase on return on assets. There is negative relationship between capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio, and cash reserve ratio with return on equity. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio lower would be return on equity. The result also shows that capital adequacy ratio and credit to core deposit ratio negatively related to return on assets. It indicates that increase in capital adequacy ratio and credit to core deposit ratio leads to increase in return on assets.
The regression result shows that interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending have positive and significant impact on return on assets. It indicates that larger the interest rate spread, non-performing loan ratio and deprived sector lending higher would be the return on assets.Similarly, interest rate spread and non-performing loan ratio have positive and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the interest rate spread and non-performing loan ratio higher would be return on equity.However, capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio has negative and significant impact on return on assets. The result indicated that higher the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio lower would be return on assets. Moreover, the result also shows that capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio has negative and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that larger the capital adequacy ratio, credit to core deposit ratio and cash reserve ratio higher would be the return on equity.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 520/D ACH Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available EGO IS THE ENEMY / Holiday,Ryan
Title : EGO IS THE ENEMY Material Type: printed text Authors: Holiday,Ryan, Author Publisher: CPI GRoup Publication Date: 2017 Pagination: 225 Size: text book ISBN (or other code): 978-1-78125-701-2 Price: Rs800 Languages : English EGO IS THE ENEMY [printed text] / Holiday,Ryan, Author . - [S.l.] : CPI GRoup, 2017 . - 225 ; text book.
ISBN : 978-1-78125-701-2 : Rs800
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 10976 HOL Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Due for return by 10/04/2023 Emotional Intelligence / Goleman,Daniel
Title : Emotional Intelligence Material Type: printed text Authors: Goleman,Daniel, Author Publisher: Bantam Books Publication Date: 2021 Pagination: 325.p Size: fiction ISBN (or other code): 978-93-5435-280-5 Price: Rs798.40 Languages : English Emotional Intelligence [printed text] / Goleman,Daniel, Author . - [S.l.] : Bantam Books, 2021 . - 325.p ; fiction.
ISBN : 978-93-5435-280-5 : Rs798.40
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 11147 GOL Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Employees career development and job performance in Nepalese commercial banks / Pratima Panthi
Title : Employees career development and job performance in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Pratima Panthi, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 120p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Employees are major assets of any organization. The success or failure of the organization depends upon the performance of employees. So, organizations are investing huge amount of money on employee career development. Career development is often used to close the gap between current performances and expected future performance. Career development has become increasingly attractive to organizations that aim at improving performance and productivity. Emphasis on employee career development is a strategic move to gain competitive advantage as organizations evolve to compete with one another. career development as the outcome of interaction between individual career planning and institutional career management processes. Career development must be engaged with the organizational human resource structures and should not be onetime event but be over a longer period of time.
Career development and job performance are key strategic considerations for all organizations regardless of size, sector, market or profile. The development of the capacity and capability of the organization’s managers and employee has a fundamental impact on efficiency, effectiveness, morale and profitability of an organization. High performing organizations increasingly pay close attention to the validity of their recruitment practices and are becoming equally vigilant about developing their employees in order to ensure that they achieve optimum performance both in the present and the future. This is confirmed by Mwenebirinda (1998) who acknowledges that employee performance can be enhanced by training that addresses identified weaknesses.
The objective of this study is to determine if relationship exist between employee career development and job performance in Nepalese commercial bank. This study sampled 143 respondents to the employees working in different banks of Kathmandu Valley. The data for the analysis were collected through questionnaire survey instrument. The questionnaire was ranking scale, Likert scale, and other demographic information was used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables of employee career development on job performance were measured in 5 point likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variable. The collected date were also analysis using excel, and SPSS statistical package.
The study concludes that career counseling followed by training and development followed by performance appraisal and employee career goal are the most dominant factors that influence the job performance in Nepalese commercial bank. Using correlation analysis, the study reveals that there is positive correlation between employee career goal, career counseling, working condition, training and development, performance appraisal, job motivation and job performance of the employees in Nepalese commercial bank.
The regression analysis reveals the beta coefficient for employee career goal is positive with job performance. It indicates employee career goal has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for career counseling are positive with job performance. It reveals that career counseling has a positive impact on job performance. Similarly, the beta coefficients for working environment are positive with job performance. It indicates that working environment has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for training and development are positive with job performance. It reveals that training and development has positive impact on job performance. Likewise, the positive beta coefficients of performance appraisal denote that performance appraisal has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for job motivation are positive with job performance. It reveals that job motivation has positive impact on job performance. they are significant at 1 and 5 percent level of significance.
Employees career development and job performance in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Pratima Panthi, Author . - 2019 . - 120p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Employees are major assets of any organization. The success or failure of the organization depends upon the performance of employees. So, organizations are investing huge amount of money on employee career development. Career development is often used to close the gap between current performances and expected future performance. Career development has become increasingly attractive to organizations that aim at improving performance and productivity. Emphasis on employee career development is a strategic move to gain competitive advantage as organizations evolve to compete with one another. career development as the outcome of interaction between individual career planning and institutional career management processes. Career development must be engaged with the organizational human resource structures and should not be onetime event but be over a longer period of time.
Career development and job performance are key strategic considerations for all organizations regardless of size, sector, market or profile. The development of the capacity and capability of the organization’s managers and employee has a fundamental impact on efficiency, effectiveness, morale and profitability of an organization. High performing organizations increasingly pay close attention to the validity of their recruitment practices and are becoming equally vigilant about developing their employees in order to ensure that they achieve optimum performance both in the present and the future. This is confirmed by Mwenebirinda (1998) who acknowledges that employee performance can be enhanced by training that addresses identified weaknesses.
The objective of this study is to determine if relationship exist between employee career development and job performance in Nepalese commercial bank. This study sampled 143 respondents to the employees working in different banks of Kathmandu Valley. The data for the analysis were collected through questionnaire survey instrument. The questionnaire was ranking scale, Likert scale, and other demographic information was used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables of employee career development on job performance were measured in 5 point likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variable. The collected date were also analysis using excel, and SPSS statistical package.
The study concludes that career counseling followed by training and development followed by performance appraisal and employee career goal are the most dominant factors that influence the job performance in Nepalese commercial bank. Using correlation analysis, the study reveals that there is positive correlation between employee career goal, career counseling, working condition, training and development, performance appraisal, job motivation and job performance of the employees in Nepalese commercial bank.
The regression analysis reveals the beta coefficient for employee career goal is positive with job performance. It indicates employee career goal has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for career counseling are positive with job performance. It reveals that career counseling has a positive impact on job performance. Similarly, the beta coefficients for working environment are positive with job performance. It indicates that working environment has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for training and development are positive with job performance. It reveals that training and development has positive impact on job performance. Likewise, the positive beta coefficients of performance appraisal denote that performance appraisal has positive impact on job performance. The beta coefficients for job motivation are positive with job performance. It reveals that job motivation has positive impact on job performance. they are significant at 1 and 5 percent level of significance.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 603/D PRA Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Energize your Mind / Das Gaur gopal
Title : Energize your Mind Material Type: printed text Authors: Das Gaur gopal, Author Publisher: Penguin random Publication Date: 2023 Pagination: 309 Size: fiction ISBN (or other code): 978-0-14-344228-8 Price: 478.40 Languages : English Energize your Mind [printed text] / Das Gaur gopal, Author . - [S.l.] : Penguin random, 2023 . - 309 ; fiction.
ISBN : 978-0-14-344228-8 : 478.40
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 11145 DAS Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Due for return by 05/04/2024 Existence of overconfidence bias among investors and its impact on investment decisions in Nepalese stock market / Nisha Bam
Title : Existence of overconfidence bias among investors and its impact on investment decisions in Nepalese stock market Material Type: printed text Authors: Nisha Bam, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 108p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 1st/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: This study evaluates the existence and extent of behavioural biases more precisely overconfidence that investors have to face at the time of decision making. Behavioural bias is defined as a pattern of variation in judgment that occurs in particular situations, which may sometimes lead to perceptual alteration, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is largely called irrationality. Similarly, overconfidence bias is a fundamental bias in behavioural finance which reflects the tendency to overestimate or exaggerate one’s ability to successfully perform a given task, and it is a trait that is common among people in all professions and areas.
This research used conclusive research design which uses quantitative data analysis to meet the objective. It studied about the relationship between different independent factors and investment decision of investors regarding existence of overconfidence bias among investors and its impact on investment decision. On the other part, it studied about the relationship between different demographic factors and investment decision. The sample size of 160 has been taken to carry out the research. The data analysis found that two independent variables i.e. Miscalibration and Trading experience from the quantitative session has impact on investment decision (dependent variable). Again, two demographic variables i.e. age and education has significant impact on investment decision.
Therefore, the study concludes that overconfidence exists in investors while taking investment decisions. It is evident that investors are overconfident about their knowledge, ability to pick stocks. Similarly, it also has been observed that investors generally rate themselves better than average. The investors assume that they have accurate information and are smarter than other. This research provides insight to the investors and financial advisors that help them to understand psyche behind the investment decisions. Investors can understand the variables of overconfidence that influence their investment decisions and where do they go wrong. Future research can be carried out by including other aspect of behavioural biases which is not included on this research for getting more reliable result of psychological biases and its impact on investment decision.
Existence of overconfidence bias among investors and its impact on investment decisions in Nepalese stock market [printed text] / Nisha Bam, Author . - 2019 . - 108p. ; GRP/Thesis + 1st/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: This study evaluates the existence and extent of behavioural biases more precisely overconfidence that investors have to face at the time of decision making. Behavioural bias is defined as a pattern of variation in judgment that occurs in particular situations, which may sometimes lead to perceptual alteration, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is largely called irrationality. Similarly, overconfidence bias is a fundamental bias in behavioural finance which reflects the tendency to overestimate or exaggerate one’s ability to successfully perform a given task, and it is a trait that is common among people in all professions and areas.
This research used conclusive research design which uses quantitative data analysis to meet the objective. It studied about the relationship between different independent factors and investment decision of investors regarding existence of overconfidence bias among investors and its impact on investment decision. On the other part, it studied about the relationship between different demographic factors and investment decision. The sample size of 160 has been taken to carry out the research. The data analysis found that two independent variables i.e. Miscalibration and Trading experience from the quantitative session has impact on investment decision (dependent variable). Again, two demographic variables i.e. age and education has significant impact on investment decision.
Therefore, the study concludes that overconfidence exists in investors while taking investment decisions. It is evident that investors are overconfident about their knowledge, ability to pick stocks. Similarly, it also has been observed that investors generally rate themselves better than average. The investors assume that they have accurate information and are smarter than other. This research provides insight to the investors and financial advisors that help them to understand psyche behind the investment decisions. Investors can understand the variables of overconfidence that influence their investment decisions and where do they go wrong. Future research can be carried out by including other aspect of behavioural biases which is not included on this research for getting more reliable result of psychological biases and its impact on investment decision.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 610/D NIS Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factor influencing consumer purchase intention of labeled food products in Kathmandu valley / kreepa Ghimire
Title : Factor influencing consumer purchase intention of labeled food products in Kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: kreepa Ghimire, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 107p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 13/B Languages : English Abstract: As consumers are becoming increasingly aware of their health and the relationship between diet and disease, their demand for nutrition information increases. Food labels are found to be a very important public health tool that is used to promote balanced diet, and hence enhance the public health and wellbeing. Food labels information assists consumers to better understand the nutritional value of food. It enables them to compare the nutritional values of similar food products and make healthy informed food choices based on the relevant nutrition information. In addition, it is particularly useful for people who are on special diets (e.g. people suffering from diabetes or high blood lipid) to select suitable foods for their health conditions.
Purchase intention means to plan to buy a good or attain a service. It refers to the desire of a customer to buy a particular product of a certain brand (Shah et al., 2017). Purchase intentions are an individual‘s conscious plan to make an effort to purchase a brand (Spears & Singh 2004). Chevalier & Mayzlin (2006) explained that word of mouth has greater and most influential role in consumers purchase intentions. Shah et al. (2017) define purchase intention as a situation where consumer tends to buy a certain product in certain condition.
Sujata et al. (2016) indicated that price fairness and properties were the most influential factors affecting the purchase. The study found that there is positive relationship between price and consumer purchase. Similarly, Ammara (2017) indicated that TV advertisement has positive impact on consumer purchase behavior. So, there is positive relationship among advertisement and consumer purchase intention. Chaniotakis et al. (2010) stated that ‘the way of thinking’ influence consumers’ purchase intention as well as perceived of economic situation. A study found that, consumers would try to save more money by purchasing private label product during economic downturn and once the condition turn to be better; they will shift back to their familiar brands (Conroy, 2010). This is because when the product is familiar to a person; he or she will define the product in such a good way. Therefore, in order to build up trust on private label product, retailers should let consumers feel confident with their product (Broadbridge and Morgan, 2001 as cited by Chaniotakis et al., 2010). Trust in private label product is influenced by perceived benefit, which means that perceived price-quality affects consumers’ attitude. Once purchasing is made, internal memory arise from purchase experiment along with external memory arise by the information received would play their role in the purchasing process (Bettman, 1979). People with negative experience toward a product will give a negative impact for future purchase while when the quality matched the price, a positive impact is shown. Furthermore, such experience is easy to be shared with others and thus influence their decision-making (Jarvala, 1998). Moreover, Shaharudin et al. (2010) and Mallinckrodt & Mizerski (2007) concluded that perceived value has significantly influenced the purchasing intention of food products. Earlier study on perceived quality by (Chang, 2006; Ho, 2007; and Wu, 2006) established that perceived quality significantly affects consumer’s purchase intentions.
The main objective of this study is to identify the factors which influence the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. Likewise, the specific objectives are to determine the effects of perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality and perceived value, on the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products, to explore the relationship between trust and familiarity with consumer purchase intention. To examine the most significant factor affecting consumer purchase intention of labeled food products in Kathmandu Valley.
In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collected was designed to measure the factor influencing consumer behavior while purchasing labeled food products. Population for the study was the general consumers in Kathmandu valley engaged in different professional of various age groups. Well-constructed questionnaires were distributed to random people of various age groups to collect their response through online which consist of questions such as Likert scale questions and multiple-choice questions. The total number of observations for the study consists of 250 respondents for analyzing the relationship of perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity with consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. For the selection of the sample respondent, convenience sampling has been used. The data were entered and command were operated using SPSS program. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis tools were used in SPSS program.
The major conclusion of the study shows that perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity have positive and significant impact on consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. It indicates that higher the perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity higher would be the consumer purchase intention. The study also concludes that trust has significant impact on the consumer purchase intention. Similarly, the study also concludes that trust followed by perceived value and familiarity are the most dominant factors that influence the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products.
Factor influencing consumer purchase intention of labeled food products in Kathmandu valley [printed text] / kreepa Ghimire, Author . - 2019 . - 107p. ; GRP/Thesis + 13/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: As consumers are becoming increasingly aware of their health and the relationship between diet and disease, their demand for nutrition information increases. Food labels are found to be a very important public health tool that is used to promote balanced diet, and hence enhance the public health and wellbeing. Food labels information assists consumers to better understand the nutritional value of food. It enables them to compare the nutritional values of similar food products and make healthy informed food choices based on the relevant nutrition information. In addition, it is particularly useful for people who are on special diets (e.g. people suffering from diabetes or high blood lipid) to select suitable foods for their health conditions.
Purchase intention means to plan to buy a good or attain a service. It refers to the desire of a customer to buy a particular product of a certain brand (Shah et al., 2017). Purchase intentions are an individual‘s conscious plan to make an effort to purchase a brand (Spears & Singh 2004). Chevalier & Mayzlin (2006) explained that word of mouth has greater and most influential role in consumers purchase intentions. Shah et al. (2017) define purchase intention as a situation where consumer tends to buy a certain product in certain condition.
Sujata et al. (2016) indicated that price fairness and properties were the most influential factors affecting the purchase. The study found that there is positive relationship between price and consumer purchase. Similarly, Ammara (2017) indicated that TV advertisement has positive impact on consumer purchase behavior. So, there is positive relationship among advertisement and consumer purchase intention. Chaniotakis et al. (2010) stated that ‘the way of thinking’ influence consumers’ purchase intention as well as perceived of economic situation. A study found that, consumers would try to save more money by purchasing private label product during economic downturn and once the condition turn to be better; they will shift back to their familiar brands (Conroy, 2010). This is because when the product is familiar to a person; he or she will define the product in such a good way. Therefore, in order to build up trust on private label product, retailers should let consumers feel confident with their product (Broadbridge and Morgan, 2001 as cited by Chaniotakis et al., 2010). Trust in private label product is influenced by perceived benefit, which means that perceived price-quality affects consumers’ attitude. Once purchasing is made, internal memory arise from purchase experiment along with external memory arise by the information received would play their role in the purchasing process (Bettman, 1979). People with negative experience toward a product will give a negative impact for future purchase while when the quality matched the price, a positive impact is shown. Furthermore, such experience is easy to be shared with others and thus influence their decision-making (Jarvala, 1998). Moreover, Shaharudin et al. (2010) and Mallinckrodt & Mizerski (2007) concluded that perceived value has significantly influenced the purchasing intention of food products. Earlier study on perceived quality by (Chang, 2006; Ho, 2007; and Wu, 2006) established that perceived quality significantly affects consumer’s purchase intentions.
The main objective of this study is to identify the factors which influence the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. Likewise, the specific objectives are to determine the effects of perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality and perceived value, on the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products, to explore the relationship between trust and familiarity with consumer purchase intention. To examine the most significant factor affecting consumer purchase intention of labeled food products in Kathmandu Valley.
In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collected was designed to measure the factor influencing consumer behavior while purchasing labeled food products. Population for the study was the general consumers in Kathmandu valley engaged in different professional of various age groups. Well-constructed questionnaires were distributed to random people of various age groups to collect their response through online which consist of questions such as Likert scale questions and multiple-choice questions. The total number of observations for the study consists of 250 respondents for analyzing the relationship of perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity with consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. For the selection of the sample respondent, convenience sampling has been used. The data were entered and command were operated using SPSS program. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis tools were used in SPSS program.
The major conclusion of the study shows that perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity have positive and significant impact on consumer purchase intention of labeled food products. It indicates that higher the perceived price, advertisement, perceived quality, perceived value, trust, and familiarity higher would be the consumer purchase intention. The study also concludes that trust has significant impact on the consumer purchase intention. Similarly, the study also concludes that trust followed by perceived value and familiarity are the most dominant factors that influence the consumer purchase intention of labeled food products.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 606/D KRE Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affacting online purchasing behavior of the customers in Kathmandu valley / Maya Tamang
Title : Factors affacting online purchasing behavior of the customers in Kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Maya Tamang, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 115p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Over the past few decades, the Internet has developed into a vast global market place for the exchange of goods and services. In many developed countries, the Internet has been adopted as an important medium, offering a wide assortment of products with 24 hour availability and wide area coverage. Online stores and services are important sales channels in B2C transactions. In the business to consumer (B2C) e-commerce cycle activity, consumers use internet for searching for product options, features, prices or reviews, selecting products or services through Internet, placing the order, making payments, or any other mean. As the rapid growth of the World Wide Web, electronic commerce has become a new way for businesses on online markets. Due to its facilities, many people are willing to shop online.
With the growth of the Internet and Internet-based devices, most of the people are fond of things available over the internet. Facebook and online media have grown their popularity in Nepal very much these days. Online shopping sites or online stores are also one of the popular things in the internet world now. Find the list of best online shopping sites below. Online shopping has become very popular among people living in the major cities of Nepal. It has become popular mainly because of convenience and ease to shop from their home or office. One of the most appealing factors about online shopping is that it alleviates the need to wait in long lines or search from store to store for a particular item. Young people are attracted to online stores, as the price, compare between two or more sites and buy the product.
This study found that website design, reliability, responsiveness, trust and personalization are the five dominant factors which influence consumer perceptions of online shopping. Consumer behavior is said to be an applied discipline as some decisions are significantly affected their behavior or expected actions. The online purchasing behavior of online shoppers and factor influencing online shopping behavior and its future perspective, internet is changing the way consumers shop and buy goods and services, and has rapidly evolved into a global phenomenon. Many companies have started using internet with the aim of cutting marketing costs, thereby reducing the price of their products and services in order to stay ahead in highly competitive markets.
Customers attitude and online purchase intention are selected as dependent variable and perceived risk, website quality, convenience, trust and return policy the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting online purchasing behavior of the customer in Kathmandu Valley. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the impact of perceived risk, website quality, convenience, trust and return policy on customers attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley.
The respondents of the study are online buyers in Kathmandu valley. The opinions of 400 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of customer on factors affecting online purchasing behavior in Kathmandu Valley. The weighted mean of the each variable used to examine the impact of factor factors affecting online purchasing behavior of the customer. For the fact finding of the study primary data was analyzed by using percentage frequency distribution and methods such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The result shows that perceived risk has negative relation with customers attitude and online purchase intention. It indicates that higher the perceived risk lower the customer attitude and online purchase intention. Whereas website quality, convenience, trust and return policy have positive relation with customer attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley. It indicates that higher the website quality, convenience, trust and return policy, higher would be customer attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley.
The study reveals that perceived risk is negatively correlated to customer's attitude and online purchasing intention. Similarly, trust, website quality, convenience and return policy are positively related to consumer's attitude and online purchasing intention. The regression results also shows that, the beta coefficients for perceived risk is negative with customer's attitude. It indicates that perceived risk of customer has negative impact on customer's attitude. Likewise, the beta coefficients for trust, website quality, convenience and return policy are positive with customer's attitude. The result also shows that, the beta coefficients for perceived risk is negative with online purchasing intention. It indicates that perceived risk of customer have impact negative on online purchasing intention. Likewise, the beta coefficients for trust is positive with online purchasing intention. It indicates that trust, website quality, convenience and return policy towards online store have positive impact on online purchasing intention
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusions of the study are that all the independent variables of online shopping have positive relation with customers attitude and online purchase intention. If the company has good website quality, trust, convenience and return policy then it will tends to increase customers attitude and online purchase intention on online business in Kathmandu Valley.
Factors affacting online purchasing behavior of the customers in Kathmandu valley [printed text] / Maya Tamang, Author . - 2019 . - 115p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Over the past few decades, the Internet has developed into a vast global market place for the exchange of goods and services. In many developed countries, the Internet has been adopted as an important medium, offering a wide assortment of products with 24 hour availability and wide area coverage. Online stores and services are important sales channels in B2C transactions. In the business to consumer (B2C) e-commerce cycle activity, consumers use internet for searching for product options, features, prices or reviews, selecting products or services through Internet, placing the order, making payments, or any other mean. As the rapid growth of the World Wide Web, electronic commerce has become a new way for businesses on online markets. Due to its facilities, many people are willing to shop online.
With the growth of the Internet and Internet-based devices, most of the people are fond of things available over the internet. Facebook and online media have grown their popularity in Nepal very much these days. Online shopping sites or online stores are also one of the popular things in the internet world now. Find the list of best online shopping sites below. Online shopping has become very popular among people living in the major cities of Nepal. It has become popular mainly because of convenience and ease to shop from their home or office. One of the most appealing factors about online shopping is that it alleviates the need to wait in long lines or search from store to store for a particular item. Young people are attracted to online stores, as the price, compare between two or more sites and buy the product.
This study found that website design, reliability, responsiveness, trust and personalization are the five dominant factors which influence consumer perceptions of online shopping. Consumer behavior is said to be an applied discipline as some decisions are significantly affected their behavior or expected actions. The online purchasing behavior of online shoppers and factor influencing online shopping behavior and its future perspective, internet is changing the way consumers shop and buy goods and services, and has rapidly evolved into a global phenomenon. Many companies have started using internet with the aim of cutting marketing costs, thereby reducing the price of their products and services in order to stay ahead in highly competitive markets.
Customers attitude and online purchase intention are selected as dependent variable and perceived risk, website quality, convenience, trust and return policy the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting online purchasing behavior of the customer in Kathmandu Valley. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the impact of perceived risk, website quality, convenience, trust and return policy on customers attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley.
The respondents of the study are online buyers in Kathmandu valley. The opinions of 400 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of customer on factors affecting online purchasing behavior in Kathmandu Valley. The weighted mean of the each variable used to examine the impact of factor factors affecting online purchasing behavior of the customer. For the fact finding of the study primary data was analyzed by using percentage frequency distribution and methods such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The result shows that perceived risk has negative relation with customers attitude and online purchase intention. It indicates that higher the perceived risk lower the customer attitude and online purchase intention. Whereas website quality, convenience, trust and return policy have positive relation with customer attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley. It indicates that higher the website quality, convenience, trust and return policy, higher would be customer attitude and online purchase intention in Kathmandu Valley.
The study reveals that perceived risk is negatively correlated to customer's attitude and online purchasing intention. Similarly, trust, website quality, convenience and return policy are positively related to consumer's attitude and online purchasing intention. The regression results also shows that, the beta coefficients for perceived risk is negative with customer's attitude. It indicates that perceived risk of customer has negative impact on customer's attitude. Likewise, the beta coefficients for trust, website quality, convenience and return policy are positive with customer's attitude. The result also shows that, the beta coefficients for perceived risk is negative with online purchasing intention. It indicates that perceived risk of customer have impact negative on online purchasing intention. Likewise, the beta coefficients for trust is positive with online purchasing intention. It indicates that trust, website quality, convenience and return policy towards online store have positive impact on online purchasing intention
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusions of the study are that all the independent variables of online shopping have positive relation with customers attitude and online purchase intention. If the company has good website quality, trust, convenience and return policy then it will tends to increase customers attitude and online purchase intention on online business in Kathmandu Valley.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 607/D MAY Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available