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Factors affecting customer retention inNepalese commercial banks / Menuka Khanal
Title : Factors affecting customer retention inNepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Menuka Khanal, Author Pagination: 104p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 13/B Languages : English Abstract: Retention is considered as the important component of an organization’s human resource strategies. It begins with the hiring of right people and continues with practicing programs to keep them engaged and committed to the organization (Eisenberger et al., 2002). To retain customers in service industry the organizations must be customer focus, which will improve service quality and consequently will be successful in retaining their customers. Establishing successful relationships plays a great role in improving organization’s performance by contributing considerably towards loyalty, and retention with customer satisfaction (Reichheld and Sasser, 1990; Rust and Zahorik, 1993). Organizations have different ways of ensuring customer retention depending on the actual functions of each organization (Mugambi & Kagiri, 2015). They include banks developing credit policies with customer needs and expectations, reviewing their customer attraction and retention policies in order not to lose customers to competitors. Improved and availability of multiple product distribution channels, staff at branches being friendly, the use and accessibility of technologies such as mobile phones, ATMs and the internet further increase retention (Chuani, 2017).
Relationship marketing is that part of marketing knowledge concerned with how organizations create, build, and maintain productive relationships with customers for long-term profitability (Zinkhan, 2004). To manage long term relationships with customers, it is essential for businesses to identify and nurture a satisfactory, mutually beneficial, continuous relationship with consumers (Metcalf et al., 1992). To achieve this goal, firms should focus their marketing instruments to enhance customer attraction and retention (Prykop & Heitmann, 2006). Customer retention is a crucial area of study in the field of relationship marketing that is mainly concerned with keeping customers in the long term (Gronroos, 1997). Customers have always been complaining on issue of quality, implying that banks have not been able to meet what they promise (Lwiza & Nwankwo, 2002). This has led to an increasing trend in customer switching between bank branches and from one bank to another, which signals that the particular branches and banks have failed to meet customer expectations (Lwiza, 2002). In addition, longer-term customers buy more and, if satisfied, may generate positive word-of-mouth promotion for the company and they also take less of the company’s time and are less sensitive to price changes (Bhardwaj, 2017).
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting customer retention. The objectives of the study were to analyze the perception of customers on the level of retention dimensions (customer satisfaction, interpersonal relationship, switching barriers, reliability, customer loyalty) of the Nepalese commercial banks. To examine the relationship of customer satisfaction, customer perception of value, switching barriers, corporate image, reliability, customer loyalty with customer retention. To determine the impact of selected retention strategy dimensions on customer retention and to find out the most important factor affecting customer retention in Nepalese commercial banks. Prajapati (2014) found the positive relationship between customer retention with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in commercial banks of Nepal. Similarly, Khadka (2015) revealed positive and significant relationship between service quality, behavior of the employee, complaint handling, and customer convenience with customer satisfaction however, this study observed positive but insignificant relationship between social network interaction and customer satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study is primarily based on primary sources of data. The primary sources of data have been used to assess the opinion of respondents with respect to impact of retention strategy transformation on customer retention of Nepalese commercial banks. The questionnaire survey has been conducted to know the opinions of customers regarding impact of retention strategy on customer retention of Nepalese commercial banks. A set of questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the customers of sample Nepalese commercial banks. The questions were designed to get the views, related information from the respondents. Data were collected using well formulated questionnaires. The questionnaires were self-adjusted, validated and pre-tested. The respondents represent customers of 28 commercial banks of Nepal and total of 202 questionnaires were collected. The information related to customer retention and retention strategy was administered through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and a step wise regression method has been applied to estimate the relationship between customer retention as dependent variable with retention strategy as independent variables. The collected data has been processed with the use of SPSS Statistical package.
Factors affecting customer retention inNepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Menuka Khanal, Author . - [s.d.] . - 104p. ; GRP/Thesis + 13/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Retention is considered as the important component of an organization’s human resource strategies. It begins with the hiring of right people and continues with practicing programs to keep them engaged and committed to the organization (Eisenberger et al., 2002). To retain customers in service industry the organizations must be customer focus, which will improve service quality and consequently will be successful in retaining their customers. Establishing successful relationships plays a great role in improving organization’s performance by contributing considerably towards loyalty, and retention with customer satisfaction (Reichheld and Sasser, 1990; Rust and Zahorik, 1993). Organizations have different ways of ensuring customer retention depending on the actual functions of each organization (Mugambi & Kagiri, 2015). They include banks developing credit policies with customer needs and expectations, reviewing their customer attraction and retention policies in order not to lose customers to competitors. Improved and availability of multiple product distribution channels, staff at branches being friendly, the use and accessibility of technologies such as mobile phones, ATMs and the internet further increase retention (Chuani, 2017).
Relationship marketing is that part of marketing knowledge concerned with how organizations create, build, and maintain productive relationships with customers for long-term profitability (Zinkhan, 2004). To manage long term relationships with customers, it is essential for businesses to identify and nurture a satisfactory, mutually beneficial, continuous relationship with consumers (Metcalf et al., 1992). To achieve this goal, firms should focus their marketing instruments to enhance customer attraction and retention (Prykop & Heitmann, 2006). Customer retention is a crucial area of study in the field of relationship marketing that is mainly concerned with keeping customers in the long term (Gronroos, 1997). Customers have always been complaining on issue of quality, implying that banks have not been able to meet what they promise (Lwiza & Nwankwo, 2002). This has led to an increasing trend in customer switching between bank branches and from one bank to another, which signals that the particular branches and banks have failed to meet customer expectations (Lwiza, 2002). In addition, longer-term customers buy more and, if satisfied, may generate positive word-of-mouth promotion for the company and they also take less of the company’s time and are less sensitive to price changes (Bhardwaj, 2017).
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting customer retention. The objectives of the study were to analyze the perception of customers on the level of retention dimensions (customer satisfaction, interpersonal relationship, switching barriers, reliability, customer loyalty) of the Nepalese commercial banks. To examine the relationship of customer satisfaction, customer perception of value, switching barriers, corporate image, reliability, customer loyalty with customer retention. To determine the impact of selected retention strategy dimensions on customer retention and to find out the most important factor affecting customer retention in Nepalese commercial banks. Prajapati (2014) found the positive relationship between customer retention with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in commercial banks of Nepal. Similarly, Khadka (2015) revealed positive and significant relationship between service quality, behavior of the employee, complaint handling, and customer convenience with customer satisfaction however, this study observed positive but insignificant relationship between social network interaction and customer satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study is primarily based on primary sources of data. The primary sources of data have been used to assess the opinion of respondents with respect to impact of retention strategy transformation on customer retention of Nepalese commercial banks. The questionnaire survey has been conducted to know the opinions of customers regarding impact of retention strategy on customer retention of Nepalese commercial banks. A set of questionnaire was prepared and distributed to the customers of sample Nepalese commercial banks. The questions were designed to get the views, related information from the respondents. Data were collected using well formulated questionnaires. The questionnaires were self-adjusted, validated and pre-tested. The respondents represent customers of 28 commercial banks of Nepal and total of 202 questionnaires were collected. The information related to customer retention and retention strategy was administered through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and a step wise regression method has been applied to estimate the relationship between customer retention as dependent variable with retention strategy as independent variables. The collected data has been processed with the use of SPSS Statistical package.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 668/D MEN Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting customer satisfaction in departmental stories in Kathmandu valley / Sangita Kuttal
Title : Factors affecting customer satisfaction in departmental stories in Kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Sangita Kuttal, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 112p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Supermarket shopping is often categorized as a self-service retail environment. A departmental store was started at strategic place to please the customer by giving him the choice of selecting all that he wants. The store are being able to track their levels of satisfaction with the key elements of the supermarket environment is extremely important to build relationship with customer. These days, consumer buying is not mere transfer of item from seller to buyer. Oliver and Swan (1989) defined customer satisfaction as an evaluative or emotional response to the service a customer perceived. Different studies suggested that favorably perceived service quality leads to improved customer satisfaction (Bolton & Drew, 1991; Boulding, et al. 1993; Cronin, Brady & Hult, 2000). Besides, the study also claimed that service quality determines customer retention both directly and indirectly through customer satisfaction (Bennett & Higgins, 1988; Dabholkar, Thorpe & Rentz, 1996). Realizing the importance of the service, retailers have attempted to improve their service to satisfy the consumers’ more diverse personal demands and continually increasing expectations and to retain them as the loyal customers (Kotler, 1997).
Supermarket sales outlets/supermarkets facilities are very important since they have the ability to influence or change the purchasing behavior of consumers. Therefore, extreme care has to be observed when deciding on merchandising because most of purchase decisions are made during shopping. Customer satisfaction has superior power and influence on any firms marketing strategy. It is through satisfaction of customers that firms remain grow and develop in a successful way. Customers have become an important part of any firm especially those in the grocery retail sector. Different study have found placed emphasis on the importance of customers. Zairi (2000) examined that the customers are the purpose of what we do and rather than depending on us, we very much depend on them. The customer is not the source of a problem; we should not perhaps make that customer should go away‟ because our future and our security will be put in jeopardy. That is the main reason why organizations today are focusing on customer satisfaction and loyalty.
According to hussian and mohidin (2016), Departmental Store is a retail establishment consisting of all consumable products amassed under one roof and offers the consumer a choice of multiple merchandise lines, at variable price points in all product categories. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend rate. Hoyer and MacInnis (2001) said that satisfaction can be associated with feelings of acceptance, happiness, relief, excitement, and delight. There are many factors that affect customer satisfaction. According to Hokanson (2001), these factors include: friendly employees, courteous employees, knowledgeable employees, helpful employees, accuracy of billing, billing timeliness, competitive pricing, service quality, good value, billing clarity and quick service.
The quality can be regarded as the result of a subjective process whereby the customer compares their ideas (or expectations) with the reality. Moreover, the higher product quality does not necessarily equal a higher level of customer satisfaction (Oliver, 1980). We can agree with this statement, the exception being that higher customer satisfaction automatically means higher product quality (as perceived by a specific consumer). She also mentions key factors which affect customer satisfaction and which can be used to measure customer satisfaction. These factors include: product, price, services, distribution and image (Zamazalová, 2008).
The major purpose of study is to examine and assess the effect of shopping factors on customer satisfaction in Nepalese supermarket. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the factors product, price, responsiveness, convenience, physical appearance and service effect on customer satisfaction responsiveness interaction, convenience, physical appearance and service in supermarket and to determine the most influencing factor that define the customer satisfaction in departmental store.
Factors affecting customer satisfaction in departmental stories in Kathmandu valley [printed text] / Sangita Kuttal, Author . - 2019 . - 112p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Supermarket shopping is often categorized as a self-service retail environment. A departmental store was started at strategic place to please the customer by giving him the choice of selecting all that he wants. The store are being able to track their levels of satisfaction with the key elements of the supermarket environment is extremely important to build relationship with customer. These days, consumer buying is not mere transfer of item from seller to buyer. Oliver and Swan (1989) defined customer satisfaction as an evaluative or emotional response to the service a customer perceived. Different studies suggested that favorably perceived service quality leads to improved customer satisfaction (Bolton & Drew, 1991; Boulding, et al. 1993; Cronin, Brady & Hult, 2000). Besides, the study also claimed that service quality determines customer retention both directly and indirectly through customer satisfaction (Bennett & Higgins, 1988; Dabholkar, Thorpe & Rentz, 1996). Realizing the importance of the service, retailers have attempted to improve their service to satisfy the consumers’ more diverse personal demands and continually increasing expectations and to retain them as the loyal customers (Kotler, 1997).
Supermarket sales outlets/supermarkets facilities are very important since they have the ability to influence or change the purchasing behavior of consumers. Therefore, extreme care has to be observed when deciding on merchandising because most of purchase decisions are made during shopping. Customer satisfaction has superior power and influence on any firms marketing strategy. It is through satisfaction of customers that firms remain grow and develop in a successful way. Customers have become an important part of any firm especially those in the grocery retail sector. Different study have found placed emphasis on the importance of customers. Zairi (2000) examined that the customers are the purpose of what we do and rather than depending on us, we very much depend on them. The customer is not the source of a problem; we should not perhaps make that customer should go away‟ because our future and our security will be put in jeopardy. That is the main reason why organizations today are focusing on customer satisfaction and loyalty.
According to hussian and mohidin (2016), Departmental Store is a retail establishment consisting of all consumable products amassed under one roof and offers the consumer a choice of multiple merchandise lines, at variable price points in all product categories. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend rate. Hoyer and MacInnis (2001) said that satisfaction can be associated with feelings of acceptance, happiness, relief, excitement, and delight. There are many factors that affect customer satisfaction. According to Hokanson (2001), these factors include: friendly employees, courteous employees, knowledgeable employees, helpful employees, accuracy of billing, billing timeliness, competitive pricing, service quality, good value, billing clarity and quick service.
The quality can be regarded as the result of a subjective process whereby the customer compares their ideas (or expectations) with the reality. Moreover, the higher product quality does not necessarily equal a higher level of customer satisfaction (Oliver, 1980). We can agree with this statement, the exception being that higher customer satisfaction automatically means higher product quality (as perceived by a specific consumer). She also mentions key factors which affect customer satisfaction and which can be used to measure customer satisfaction. These factors include: product, price, services, distribution and image (Zamazalová, 2008).
The major purpose of study is to examine and assess the effect of shopping factors on customer satisfaction in Nepalese supermarket. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the factors product, price, responsiveness, convenience, physical appearance and service effect on customer satisfaction responsiveness interaction, convenience, physical appearance and service in supermarket and to determine the most influencing factor that define the customer satisfaction in departmental store.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 669/D SAN Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting employee absentee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks / Milina Maharjan
Title : Factors affecting employee absentee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Milina Maharjan, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 118p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: The term “absenteeism” originated from the Latin word, “absentia" (Mashonganyika, 2004). Absenteeism is the term generally used to refer unscheduled employee absences from the workplace. Many causes of absenteeism are legitimate personal illness or family issues, but absenteeism can also occur due to factors such as a poor work environment or workers who lack commitment to their jobs. Although there is not a standard definition of absenteeism, it is extensively used to describe non-attendance of employees for scheduled work (Banks et al., 2012).
Buono (1998) defined absenteeism as any failure of employee to report for or remain at work as scheduled regardless of reason. From a business perspective, the employees are considered absent simply when they are not available to perform his or her job, resulting into higher cost to the organization. Absenteeism is a common problem in many industrial units, small or big, private or government. The high rate of absenteeism is at times due to lack of commitment to work. Absenteeism results in dislocation of work increase in labor costs, reduction in productivity and if unchecked, it causes an increase in indiscipline.
Absence affects more than just the person who is absent. The absent employees themselves and their dependents may have a reduced income as a result of absence besides incurring possible additional medical expenses. Employee are affected by direct costs such as sick pay, overtime and staff replacement costs, plus the indirect costs associated with the effects of absence. For example, production and quality, management time and the potential loss of customers are the results of employee absenteeism. The co-workers of an absent employee may have to work under increased pressure, in order to meet deadlines. From an economic point of view, there is the loss of potential output, plus the increased government spends on social security payments.
The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors affecting employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks. The study has the following specific objectives: to determine the key factors that are responsible for employee absenteeism in the Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the relationship between employee absenteeism, job satisfaction, health condition, family responsibilities and workload in Nepalese commercial banks, to investigate the impact of job satisfaction, health condition, family responsibilities and workload on employee absenteeism, to determine the most important variables affecting employee absenteeism.
The primary source of data is used to assess the opinion of employee with respect to factors affecting employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks. The survey is based on 103 respondents from 17 commercial banks in Nepal. The questions were asked in the Likert scale questions. The Likert scale questions of different variables as job satisfaction, workload, health condition, family responsibility and employee absenteeism were measured in 5 point scale. For the fact finding of the study primary data was analyzed by using percentage frequency distribution and methods such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The study shows that there exists positive correlation between workload and family responsibility and job satisfaction and health condition has negative correlation with the employee absenteeism. The regression results shows that the beta coefficients for job satisfaction and health condition is negative and workload and family responsibility is positive with employee absenteeism in the context of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the beta coefficients of job satisfaction are negative with employee absenteeism. Similarly, the result shows that the beta coefficients of health condition are negative with employee absenteeism. The result shows that the beta coefficients of workload and family responsibility are positive with employee absenteeism.
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusion of the study are that job satisfaction and health condition have negative relation and workload and family responsibility have positive relation with employee absenteeism. Therefore, employees will decrease their absenteeism when they are satisfied with their job, when there is lower family responsibility at home, when there is no high workload and when their heath condition is good. The most dominant factor that explain the employee absenteeism is job satisfaction followed by workload, health condition and family responsibility.
Factors affecting employee absentee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Milina Maharjan, Author . - 2019 . - 118p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: The term “absenteeism” originated from the Latin word, “absentia" (Mashonganyika, 2004). Absenteeism is the term generally used to refer unscheduled employee absences from the workplace. Many causes of absenteeism are legitimate personal illness or family issues, but absenteeism can also occur due to factors such as a poor work environment or workers who lack commitment to their jobs. Although there is not a standard definition of absenteeism, it is extensively used to describe non-attendance of employees for scheduled work (Banks et al., 2012).
Buono (1998) defined absenteeism as any failure of employee to report for or remain at work as scheduled regardless of reason. From a business perspective, the employees are considered absent simply when they are not available to perform his or her job, resulting into higher cost to the organization. Absenteeism is a common problem in many industrial units, small or big, private or government. The high rate of absenteeism is at times due to lack of commitment to work. Absenteeism results in dislocation of work increase in labor costs, reduction in productivity and if unchecked, it causes an increase in indiscipline.
Absence affects more than just the person who is absent. The absent employees themselves and their dependents may have a reduced income as a result of absence besides incurring possible additional medical expenses. Employee are affected by direct costs such as sick pay, overtime and staff replacement costs, plus the indirect costs associated with the effects of absence. For example, production and quality, management time and the potential loss of customers are the results of employee absenteeism. The co-workers of an absent employee may have to work under increased pressure, in order to meet deadlines. From an economic point of view, there is the loss of potential output, plus the increased government spends on social security payments.
The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors affecting employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks. The study has the following specific objectives: to determine the key factors that are responsible for employee absenteeism in the Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the relationship between employee absenteeism, job satisfaction, health condition, family responsibilities and workload in Nepalese commercial banks, to investigate the impact of job satisfaction, health condition, family responsibilities and workload on employee absenteeism, to determine the most important variables affecting employee absenteeism.
The primary source of data is used to assess the opinion of employee with respect to factors affecting employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks. The survey is based on 103 respondents from 17 commercial banks in Nepal. The questions were asked in the Likert scale questions. The Likert scale questions of different variables as job satisfaction, workload, health condition, family responsibility and employee absenteeism were measured in 5 point scale. For the fact finding of the study primary data was analyzed by using percentage frequency distribution and methods such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The study shows that there exists positive correlation between workload and family responsibility and job satisfaction and health condition has negative correlation with the employee absenteeism. The regression results shows that the beta coefficients for job satisfaction and health condition is negative and workload and family responsibility is positive with employee absenteeism in the context of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the beta coefficients of job satisfaction are negative with employee absenteeism. Similarly, the result shows that the beta coefficients of health condition are negative with employee absenteeism. The result shows that the beta coefficients of workload and family responsibility are positive with employee absenteeism.
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusion of the study are that job satisfaction and health condition have negative relation and workload and family responsibility have positive relation with employee absenteeism. Therefore, employees will decrease their absenteeism when they are satisfied with their job, when there is lower family responsibility at home, when there is no high workload and when their heath condition is good. The most dominant factor that explain the employee absenteeism is job satisfaction followed by workload, health condition and family responsibility.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 663/D MIL Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks / Anil Gautam
Title : Factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Anil Gautam, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 123p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Employee retention is a critical aspect for every company regarding competitive advantage because human resource is the most critical asset of today’s modern world. Other resources can be arranged effortlessly but to get efficient and retain talented human capital is the most difficult task. Therefore, organizations are now more focused towards employee retention. Organizations use different HR techniques for retention of employee. Today the demands of workers have been amplified very much as ever before. It is in terms of every aspect, not only salaries and perks but also work experience and cultural context in which providing a productive, flexible and lively work environment can be a critical asset in attracting and retaining valuable employees. In order to build up an effective retention plan for today’s employment market, it is crucial to apprehend the varying needs and prospect. If the retention strategies are not accurately entrenched in the business processes, the all effort since recruitment will eventually proves useless. Employee retention is the organizational goal of keeping talented employees and reducing turnover by fostering a positive work atmosphere to promote engagement, showing appreciation to employees, and providing competitive pay and benefits and healthy work-life balance.
Employee retention issues are emerging as the most critical workforce management challenges of the immediate future. The study showed that in the future, successful organizations will be those which adopt their organizational behavior to the realities of the current work environment where longevity and success depend upon innovation, creativity and flexibility. In fact, the dynamics of the work environment will have to reflect a diverse population comprised of individuals whose motivations, beliefs and value structures differ vastly from the past and from one another. This phenomenon is especially true in light of current economic uncertainty and following corporate downsizing when the impact of losing critical employees increases exponentially.
Employee retention is selected as dependent variable and of compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment are the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to determine the factors retention in Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study is to analyze the impact of compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment on employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley
The study is based on the primary as well as secondary data which were gathered from 210 respondents of 20 commercial banks in Nepal. The respondents’ views were collected on compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment in Nepalese commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
Compensation is positively correlated to employee retention. It indicates that increase in compensation leads to increase in employee retention. Likewise, promotion is positively correlated to employee retention. It reveals that better the promotion practices, higher would be employee retention. Moreover, training and development is positively correlated to employee retention. This implies that increase in training and development program leads to increase in employee retention. Similarly, work motivation is positively correlated to employee retention. It indicates that increase in work motivation leads to increase in employee retention. Further similarly, working environment is positively correlated to employee retention. It reveals that better the working environment, higher would be employee retention
The study also concludes that compensation, promotion, Training and development, work motivation and working environment have positive impact on employee retention. The study also concludes that compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment are significant at 1% level of significance. The study concludes that training and development is the least influencing factor that affects employee retention. Similarly, the study concludes that work motivation followed by working environment and compensation is the most the most influencing factor that explains employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks. Thus, the study concludes that compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment help the bank to retain its talented employees.
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusions of the study are that all the independent variables have positive relation with employee retention. If the company focus on compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment then it will tends to increase employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley. The more the company focuses on the work motivation and working environment it leads to increase the employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu valley.
Factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Anil Gautam, Author . - 2019 . - 123p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Employee retention is a critical aspect for every company regarding competitive advantage because human resource is the most critical asset of today’s modern world. Other resources can be arranged effortlessly but to get efficient and retain talented human capital is the most difficult task. Therefore, organizations are now more focused towards employee retention. Organizations use different HR techniques for retention of employee. Today the demands of workers have been amplified very much as ever before. It is in terms of every aspect, not only salaries and perks but also work experience and cultural context in which providing a productive, flexible and lively work environment can be a critical asset in attracting and retaining valuable employees. In order to build up an effective retention plan for today’s employment market, it is crucial to apprehend the varying needs and prospect. If the retention strategies are not accurately entrenched in the business processes, the all effort since recruitment will eventually proves useless. Employee retention is the organizational goal of keeping talented employees and reducing turnover by fostering a positive work atmosphere to promote engagement, showing appreciation to employees, and providing competitive pay and benefits and healthy work-life balance.
Employee retention issues are emerging as the most critical workforce management challenges of the immediate future. The study showed that in the future, successful organizations will be those which adopt their organizational behavior to the realities of the current work environment where longevity and success depend upon innovation, creativity and flexibility. In fact, the dynamics of the work environment will have to reflect a diverse population comprised of individuals whose motivations, beliefs and value structures differ vastly from the past and from one another. This phenomenon is especially true in light of current economic uncertainty and following corporate downsizing when the impact of losing critical employees increases exponentially.
Employee retention is selected as dependent variable and of compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment are the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to determine the factors retention in Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study is to analyze the impact of compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment on employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley
The study is based on the primary as well as secondary data which were gathered from 210 respondents of 20 commercial banks in Nepal. The respondents’ views were collected on compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment in Nepalese commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated factors affecting employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
Compensation is positively correlated to employee retention. It indicates that increase in compensation leads to increase in employee retention. Likewise, promotion is positively correlated to employee retention. It reveals that better the promotion practices, higher would be employee retention. Moreover, training and development is positively correlated to employee retention. This implies that increase in training and development program leads to increase in employee retention. Similarly, work motivation is positively correlated to employee retention. It indicates that increase in work motivation leads to increase in employee retention. Further similarly, working environment is positively correlated to employee retention. It reveals that better the working environment, higher would be employee retention
The study also concludes that compensation, promotion, Training and development, work motivation and working environment have positive impact on employee retention. The study also concludes that compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment are significant at 1% level of significance. The study concludes that training and development is the least influencing factor that affects employee retention. Similarly, the study concludes that work motivation followed by working environment and compensation is the most the most influencing factor that explains employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks. Thus, the study concludes that compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment help the bank to retain its talented employees.
Recommendations are given on the basis of the findings of the study. The major conclusions of the study are that all the independent variables have positive relation with employee retention. If the company focus on compensation, promotion, training and development, work motivation and working environment then it will tends to increase employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu Valley. The more the company focuses on the work motivation and working environment it leads to increase the employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks in Kathmandu valley.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 635/D ANI Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks / Tripti Upadhyay
Title : Factors affecting employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Tripti Upadhyay, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 140p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Human resource is considered to be the center of all development processes of economy. However, today’s competitive business scenario is deteriorating social conditions of human resources, hence causing employee turnover. Organizational commitment along with other determinants of turnover intention plays a pivotal role in retaining the employees. Turnover intention is an inclination among employees to quit their organization. Intention to withdraw has been found to be a predictor of actual turnover among employees. Employee turnover has always been a matter of concern for organizations. A large degree of employee turnover may be detrimental to both the organization as well as the employees. Turnover has an impact over the organization’s costs relating to recruitment and selection, personnel process and induction, training of new personnel and above all, loss of knowledge gained by the employee while on job. Additionally, it results in understaffing which in turn lead to decreased effectiveness and productivity of the remaining staff.
Employees are the backbone of an organization. Hence, the retention of the employees is an important tool in keeping an organization on track. Employee retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time. Employee retention is beneficial for the organization as well as for the employee. Employees today are different when they get dissatisfied, they move to other organizations. It is the responsibility of the employer to retain their best employees. The organization will lose the good employees if they are not satisfied.
In the context of Nepal, employee retention is a major issue in Nepalese banking industry. Employees try to seek better opportunity hence employee turnover rate is high in the banking industry. The study on job satisfaction among employees of Nepalese commercial banks argued that job security, pay, promotional potential, relationship with workers, work condition and future opportunity for career lead to reduce turnover and improve employee performance. HRM practices like promotion speed and remuneration growth are the foremost factors that have direct and high impact on employee's turnover intentions followed by career growth in case of banking industry.
Employee turnover and employee retention is selected as dependent variable and compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to analyze the determinants of employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study to examine the relationship of motivation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and compensation on employee turnover and retention, to determine the impact of selected dimensions on employee turnover and retention, to analyze the perception of employees on the dimensions (motivation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and compensation) of the Nepalese commercial banks, to determine the most important factor affecting the employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study examines employee turnover and retention in Nepalese Commercial banks in Nepal. The survey has gathered data from employee working in various commercial banks. The observation of 201 respondent’s views were analyzed in order to know employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated with employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
The main conclusion of this study is that compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation have negative correlation with employee turnover in Nepalese commercial banks. It indicates that better compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation lower would be employee turnover. The result also shows that compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation have positive correlation with employee retention. It indicates that better compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation higher would be employee retention. Likewise, the regression result shows that compensation, training and development, career growths, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation has negative impact on employee turnover. Similarly, the regression result also shows that compensation, training and development, career growths, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation has positive impact on employee retention. The study also shows that better human resource management has a significant impact on the employee retention. The study concludes that employee job satisfaction followed by working environment is the most dominant factor that explains the changes in employee turnover in Nepalese commercial banks. Furthermore, the study also concludes that the most dominant factor that explains the changes in employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks is working environment followed by training and development.
Factors affecting employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Tripti Upadhyay, Author . - 2019 . - 140p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Human resource is considered to be the center of all development processes of economy. However, today’s competitive business scenario is deteriorating social conditions of human resources, hence causing employee turnover. Organizational commitment along with other determinants of turnover intention plays a pivotal role in retaining the employees. Turnover intention is an inclination among employees to quit their organization. Intention to withdraw has been found to be a predictor of actual turnover among employees. Employee turnover has always been a matter of concern for organizations. A large degree of employee turnover may be detrimental to both the organization as well as the employees. Turnover has an impact over the organization’s costs relating to recruitment and selection, personnel process and induction, training of new personnel and above all, loss of knowledge gained by the employee while on job. Additionally, it results in understaffing which in turn lead to decreased effectiveness and productivity of the remaining staff.
Employees are the backbone of an organization. Hence, the retention of the employees is an important tool in keeping an organization on track. Employee retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time. Employee retention is beneficial for the organization as well as for the employee. Employees today are different when they get dissatisfied, they move to other organizations. It is the responsibility of the employer to retain their best employees. The organization will lose the good employees if they are not satisfied.
In the context of Nepal, employee retention is a major issue in Nepalese banking industry. Employees try to seek better opportunity hence employee turnover rate is high in the banking industry. The study on job satisfaction among employees of Nepalese commercial banks argued that job security, pay, promotional potential, relationship with workers, work condition and future opportunity for career lead to reduce turnover and improve employee performance. HRM practices like promotion speed and remuneration growth are the foremost factors that have direct and high impact on employee's turnover intentions followed by career growth in case of banking industry.
Employee turnover and employee retention is selected as dependent variable and compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation the independent variables. The major objective of the study is to analyze the determinants of employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study to examine the relationship of motivation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and compensation on employee turnover and retention, to determine the impact of selected dimensions on employee turnover and retention, to analyze the perception of employees on the dimensions (motivation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and compensation) of the Nepalese commercial banks, to determine the most important factor affecting the employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study examines employee turnover and retention in Nepalese Commercial banks in Nepal. The survey has gathered data from employee working in various commercial banks. The observation of 201 respondent’s views were analyzed in order to know employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks. This study has employed descriptive research design and causal comparative research design to deal with issues associated with employee turnover and retention in Nepalese commercial banks.
The main conclusion of this study is that compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation have negative correlation with employee turnover in Nepalese commercial banks. It indicates that better compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation lower would be employee turnover. The result also shows that compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation have positive correlation with employee retention. It indicates that better compensation, training and development, career growth, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation higher would be employee retention. Likewise, the regression result shows that compensation, training and development, career growths, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation has negative impact on employee turnover. Similarly, the regression result also shows that compensation, training and development, career growths, job satisfaction, work environment and motivation has positive impact on employee retention. The study also shows that better human resource management has a significant impact on the employee retention. The study concludes that employee job satisfaction followed by working environment is the most dominant factor that explains the changes in employee turnover in Nepalese commercial banks. Furthermore, the study also concludes that the most dominant factor that explains the changes in employee retention in Nepalese commercial banks is working environment followed by training and development.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 627/D TRI Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges :A case of kathmandu valley / Nabin Ghimire
Title : Factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges :A case of kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Nabin Ghimire, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 133p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: Job satisfaction in general is the degree to which individuals enjoy their job. Broadly, a person’s job fulfils his dominant needs in consistent with his expectations and values. The feeling would be positive or negative depending upon whether need is satisfied or not. Locke and Lathan (1990) defined job satisfaction as the pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experience. Ghazzawi (2008) defined job satisfaction as a feeling that can produce a positive or negative effect toward one’s roles and responsibilities at work. Churchill et al. (1976) revealed that the job satisfaction with the work-related affection states covering five aspects, specifically the supervisors, the jobs, the work colleagues, the compensation, and the promotion opportunities. Chen et al. (2016) explained job satisfaction as the term expressing one’s thinking, feeling and attitude toward work. Likewise, job satisfaction is influenced by the worker’s experience, the job itself, communication from others, as well as the person’s expectation about the job.
According to Beutell and Wittig-Berman (1999), increase in salary is directly associated with decreases in satisfaction. Similarly, the relationship between salary and job satisfaction whereas increased salary results in increased job satisfaction. Similarly, Filan et al. (1986) found that intrinsic rewards, financial rewards, positive supervision, and opportunities for professional development are all positively correlated with job satisfaction. Less satisfying features of the workplace have been identified. Likewise, Amzat and Idris (2010) found that employees who receive low salaries usually cause serious upheavals, with regard to job satisfaction, across the world. Futher, Noordin and Jusoff (2009) found that salary, status, and age affect academic staff job satisfaction.
The main objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges. The specific objectives of the study include: to examine the factors affecting job satisfaction among faculties of privates’ colleges in Kathmandu valley, to examine the impact of salary and management style on job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley, to analyze the impact of working environment and professional development on job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley and to analyze the impact of institution value and culture on job satisfaction of faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley.
This study is based on primary data of 26 private colleges with 112 observations in Kathmandu valley. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The questionnaires were multiple choice, ranking scale. Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables like salary, working environment, institution value and culture, professional development and management style measured in 5-point Likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose.
The major conclusion of the study shows that salary, working environment, institution value and culture, professional development and management style have positive and significant impact on job satisfaction among faculties of private college in Kathmandu valley. In addition, the most influencing factor affecting the job satisfaction of faculties of privates’ colleges in Kathmandu valley is working environment followed by management style, professional development.
Factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges :A case of kathmandu valley [printed text] / Nabin Ghimire, Author . - 2019 . - 133p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: Job satisfaction in general is the degree to which individuals enjoy their job. Broadly, a person’s job fulfils his dominant needs in consistent with his expectations and values. The feeling would be positive or negative depending upon whether need is satisfied or not. Locke and Lathan (1990) defined job satisfaction as the pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experience. Ghazzawi (2008) defined job satisfaction as a feeling that can produce a positive or negative effect toward one’s roles and responsibilities at work. Churchill et al. (1976) revealed that the job satisfaction with the work-related affection states covering five aspects, specifically the supervisors, the jobs, the work colleagues, the compensation, and the promotion opportunities. Chen et al. (2016) explained job satisfaction as the term expressing one’s thinking, feeling and attitude toward work. Likewise, job satisfaction is influenced by the worker’s experience, the job itself, communication from others, as well as the person’s expectation about the job.
According to Beutell and Wittig-Berman (1999), increase in salary is directly associated with decreases in satisfaction. Similarly, the relationship between salary and job satisfaction whereas increased salary results in increased job satisfaction. Similarly, Filan et al. (1986) found that intrinsic rewards, financial rewards, positive supervision, and opportunities for professional development are all positively correlated with job satisfaction. Less satisfying features of the workplace have been identified. Likewise, Amzat and Idris (2010) found that employees who receive low salaries usually cause serious upheavals, with regard to job satisfaction, across the world. Futher, Noordin and Jusoff (2009) found that salary, status, and age affect academic staff job satisfaction.
The main objective of the study is to examine the factors affecting job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges. The specific objectives of the study include: to examine the factors affecting job satisfaction among faculties of privates’ colleges in Kathmandu valley, to examine the impact of salary and management style on job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley, to analyze the impact of working environment and professional development on job satisfaction among the faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley and to analyze the impact of institution value and culture on job satisfaction of faculties of private colleges in Kathmandu valley.
This study is based on primary data of 26 private colleges with 112 observations in Kathmandu valley. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The questionnaires were multiple choice, ranking scale. Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on different variables like salary, working environment, institution value and culture, professional development and management style measured in 5-point Likert scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose.
The major conclusion of the study shows that salary, working environment, institution value and culture, professional development and management style have positive and significant impact on job satisfaction among faculties of private college in Kathmandu valley. In addition, the most influencing factor affecting the job satisfaction of faculties of privates’ colleges in Kathmandu valley is working environment followed by management style, professional development.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 694/D NAB Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting share price of Nepalese non-life insurance companies / Anamol Gautam
Title : Factors affecting share price of Nepalese non-life insurance companies Material Type: printed text Authors: Anamol Gautam, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 116p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Investors will certainly only invest in companies that have a good performance in order to provide profits to them. The main purpose of the investment is to gain profit (Ittner and Larcker, 2003). Investors use various means to obtain the expected return, whether through their own analysis of the behavior of stock market and by utilizing advice provided by the capital market analysts such as brokers, dealers, investment managers and others. Stock market provides avenue for investment and capital formation and can act as an indicator or predictor of overall economic condition. Stock market provides a platform to individuals, governments, firms and organizations to trade and invest in savings through the purchase of shares. The market price of a share is a key factor that influences investment decision of stock market investors. The share price is one of the most important indicators available to the investors for their decision to invest in or not in a particular share (Gill et al., 2012). Srinivasan (2013) revealed that understanding the impact of various fundamental variables on stock price is very much helpful to investors as it will help them in taking profitable investment decisions. On the other hand, Shiller (1981) found that stock prices are not stable and fluctuate excessively in relation to the news about fundamentals (as dividends) primarily due to market irrationality. The stock price in the market is not static rather it changes every day. According to Gompers et al. (2003), stock price can be significantly influenced by a number of micro environmental factors such as dividend per share, book value (asset value) of the firm, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, dividend ratio, etc. Macroeconomic factors include politics, general economic conditions i.e., how the economy is performing, government regulations, legal, and social factors.
Guo (2002) stated that the volatility of share price is the systemic risk faced by investors who possess ordinary shares investment. Brennan et al. (1998) found that share price changes are associated with changes in fundamental variables that are relevant for share valuation like book value per share, dividend coverage ratio, dividend per share, earnings per share, dividend payout ratio, price-earnings ratio, and firm size. The role of stock market is widely recognized in the global economy as an indicator of economic growth. The choice of company specific and macroeconomic factors is premised on the fact that investors believe that the movement of stock prices is greatly determined by monetary policy and macroeconomic events (Nisa and Nishat, 2011). Uwuigbe et al. (2012) stated that the failure to understand the issues surrounding share price and its determinants has been the bane of the financial disposition of numerous corporations today. Callao et al. (2007) found that both earning and book value to equity are the major determinants of share price. Balkrishna (1984) showed that dividend per share, earning per share, book value and yield have significant impact on the share price of general engineering and cotton textile industries. Somoye et al. (2009) revealed that dividend per share and earnings per share exert a positive correlation with stock prices. The study on the size related anomalies and stock returns seasonality found that smaller firms earn higher returns than the larger firms (Benz and Reinganum, 1981). Book to market (B/M) ratio is an important predictor of stock returns. Similarly, the study also showed that there is a positive relationship with stock price and there is positive relationship observed between the payout ratio and the stock price in U.S. (Profilet and Bacon, 2013).
The study is based on the secondary data which were gathered from 15 non-life insurance companies in Nepal from 2011/12 to 2017/18, leading to a total of 105 observations. The main sources of data include annual report of selected non-life insurance, financial reports of Rastriya Beema Sanstha and reports published by Nepal Stock Exchange Limited. The data are collected for return on assets, earning per share, dividend per share, size and inflation. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design.
The result shows that RBCL has highest average market price of share, and NICL has the highest average price earnings ratio among the selected non-life insurance companies throughout the study period. The result revealed the fluctuations in market price of share for different Nepalese non-life insurance companies. The average market price of share has increased in year 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 respectively. Similarly, in 2014/15 it has decreased slightly. Again, it has increased 205/16. Again, the average market price has decreased in year 2016/17 and 2017/18 respectively. The overall trend line shows that the average stock return is in fluctuating trend.
Similarly, the average earning per share is highest for SICL (Rs. 59.41), average total assets is highest for SIC (Rs. 4964.25), dividend per share is highest for SIC (Rs. 39.28), and average return on assets is highest for NLG (10.33 times).
The descriptive statistics for the Nepalese insurance companies reveals that the average market price of share is Rs. 1248.55, average price earnings ratio is 117.54 times, average total assets is Rs. 1686.44 million, average dividend per share is Rs. 14.15 per share, average earnings per share is Rs. 35.52 per share, and average return on assets is 7.09 percent. Similarly, the average inflation is 8.07 percent.
The result reveals that only size has positive impact on market price behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. This indicates that increase in the size leads to increase in the market share price of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. However, return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share and inflation has negative impact on price earning behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. This indicates that increase in the return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share and inflation leads to decrease in the price earning behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. The results also show that size has positive impact on price earnings ratio of Nepalese non-life insurance companies, which indicates that increase in size of non-life insurance companies would lead to increase in price earnings ratio.
The study shows that return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share, firm size and inflation have negative impact on market price of share of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. However, firm size has a positive impact on market price of share. Similarly, return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share, firm size and inflation have negative impact on price earnings ratio. The study concludes that share price of the non-life insurance companies doesn’t depends only on one factor rather it is influenced by different bank specific and macro-economic variables. The study also concludes that the most dominant factor to influence the share price is return on assets followed by earnings per share in Nepalese non-life insurance companies.
Factors affecting share price of Nepalese non-life insurance companies [printed text] / Anamol Gautam, Author . - 2019 . - 116p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Investors will certainly only invest in companies that have a good performance in order to provide profits to them. The main purpose of the investment is to gain profit (Ittner and Larcker, 2003). Investors use various means to obtain the expected return, whether through their own analysis of the behavior of stock market and by utilizing advice provided by the capital market analysts such as brokers, dealers, investment managers and others. Stock market provides avenue for investment and capital formation and can act as an indicator or predictor of overall economic condition. Stock market provides a platform to individuals, governments, firms and organizations to trade and invest in savings through the purchase of shares. The market price of a share is a key factor that influences investment decision of stock market investors. The share price is one of the most important indicators available to the investors for their decision to invest in or not in a particular share (Gill et al., 2012). Srinivasan (2013) revealed that understanding the impact of various fundamental variables on stock price is very much helpful to investors as it will help them in taking profitable investment decisions. On the other hand, Shiller (1981) found that stock prices are not stable and fluctuate excessively in relation to the news about fundamentals (as dividends) primarily due to market irrationality. The stock price in the market is not static rather it changes every day. According to Gompers et al. (2003), stock price can be significantly influenced by a number of micro environmental factors such as dividend per share, book value (asset value) of the firm, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, dividend ratio, etc. Macroeconomic factors include politics, general economic conditions i.e., how the economy is performing, government regulations, legal, and social factors.
Guo (2002) stated that the volatility of share price is the systemic risk faced by investors who possess ordinary shares investment. Brennan et al. (1998) found that share price changes are associated with changes in fundamental variables that are relevant for share valuation like book value per share, dividend coverage ratio, dividend per share, earnings per share, dividend payout ratio, price-earnings ratio, and firm size. The role of stock market is widely recognized in the global economy as an indicator of economic growth. The choice of company specific and macroeconomic factors is premised on the fact that investors believe that the movement of stock prices is greatly determined by monetary policy and macroeconomic events (Nisa and Nishat, 2011). Uwuigbe et al. (2012) stated that the failure to understand the issues surrounding share price and its determinants has been the bane of the financial disposition of numerous corporations today. Callao et al. (2007) found that both earning and book value to equity are the major determinants of share price. Balkrishna (1984) showed that dividend per share, earning per share, book value and yield have significant impact on the share price of general engineering and cotton textile industries. Somoye et al. (2009) revealed that dividend per share and earnings per share exert a positive correlation with stock prices. The study on the size related anomalies and stock returns seasonality found that smaller firms earn higher returns than the larger firms (Benz and Reinganum, 1981). Book to market (B/M) ratio is an important predictor of stock returns. Similarly, the study also showed that there is a positive relationship with stock price and there is positive relationship observed between the payout ratio and the stock price in U.S. (Profilet and Bacon, 2013).
The study is based on the secondary data which were gathered from 15 non-life insurance companies in Nepal from 2011/12 to 2017/18, leading to a total of 105 observations. The main sources of data include annual report of selected non-life insurance, financial reports of Rastriya Beema Sanstha and reports published by Nepal Stock Exchange Limited. The data are collected for return on assets, earning per share, dividend per share, size and inflation. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design.
The result shows that RBCL has highest average market price of share, and NICL has the highest average price earnings ratio among the selected non-life insurance companies throughout the study period. The result revealed the fluctuations in market price of share for different Nepalese non-life insurance companies. The average market price of share has increased in year 2011/12, 2012/13 and 2013/14 respectively. Similarly, in 2014/15 it has decreased slightly. Again, it has increased 205/16. Again, the average market price has decreased in year 2016/17 and 2017/18 respectively. The overall trend line shows that the average stock return is in fluctuating trend.
Similarly, the average earning per share is highest for SICL (Rs. 59.41), average total assets is highest for SIC (Rs. 4964.25), dividend per share is highest for SIC (Rs. 39.28), and average return on assets is highest for NLG (10.33 times).
The descriptive statistics for the Nepalese insurance companies reveals that the average market price of share is Rs. 1248.55, average price earnings ratio is 117.54 times, average total assets is Rs. 1686.44 million, average dividend per share is Rs. 14.15 per share, average earnings per share is Rs. 35.52 per share, and average return on assets is 7.09 percent. Similarly, the average inflation is 8.07 percent.
The result reveals that only size has positive impact on market price behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. This indicates that increase in the size leads to increase in the market share price of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. However, return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share and inflation has negative impact on price earning behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. This indicates that increase in the return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share and inflation leads to decrease in the price earning behavior of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. The results also show that size has positive impact on price earnings ratio of Nepalese non-life insurance companies, which indicates that increase in size of non-life insurance companies would lead to increase in price earnings ratio.
The study shows that return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share, firm size and inflation have negative impact on market price of share of Nepalese non-life insurance companies. However, firm size has a positive impact on market price of share. Similarly, return on assets, dividend per share, earning per share, firm size and inflation have negative impact on price earnings ratio. The study concludes that share price of the non-life insurance companies doesn’t depends only on one factor rather it is influenced by different bank specific and macro-economic variables. The study also concludes that the most dominant factor to influence the share price is return on assets followed by earnings per share in Nepalese non-life insurance companies.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 630/D ANA Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors affecting successful e-government adoption in nepal / Binod Basnet
Title : Factors affecting successful e-government adoption in nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: Binod Basnet, Author Publication Date: 2020 Pagination: 111p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: E-government is the commitment and initiative of a government to improve its relationship with citizens and the business sector through enhanced, cost-effective, and efficient delivery of services, information, and knowledge using information and communication technologies (ICT). It boosts the efficiency of government operations as well as enhances good governance and transparency. Electronic government (e-government) has established as an effective mechanism for increasing government’s productivity and efficiency and a key enabler of citizen oriented services. However, from a using perspective these services are yet to be fully accepted and used by all citizens. In terms of prior research into understanding factors influencing citizens‟ perception to use in Nepal where existing literatures are focus on implementation, opportunities and its challenges public value of e-Government in the country and no research studies were found that take a holistic viewpoint of use of e-government services. Therefore, this study attempts to explore and investigate the key factors that influence citizens‟ perception towards use of e-Government in Nepal. Fraga (2001) stated that e-government is the transformation of public sector’s internal and external relationships through net-enabled operations, IT and communications, in order to improve: government service delivery; constituency participation; society.
The major objective of this study is to examine the factors affecting successful e-government adoption in Nepal. The specific objectives of the study are: to examine the relationship of service quality, awareness, trust, leadership and internet reach with e-government adoption, to determine the perception of customer on service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach, to assess the impact of service quality, awareness, trust, leadership and internet reach on e-government adoption and to identify the most significant factor affecting the e-government adoption in Nepal.
The study is based on primary sources of data and designed to measure the impact of service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach on e-government adoption in Nepal. This study includes 210 respondents. Respondents in the study falls under service sectors, farmer, business sectors and other sectors. For the analysis of factors affecting e-government adoption in Nepal, 300 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and 210 were collected. There were five statements characterize each factor that effects e-government adoption. Each statement was measured on Likert scale. 5-pointLikert scale was used for the survey of which 1= strongly disagree statement, 2=disagree statement, 3= neutral statement, 4= agree statement, 5= strongly agree statement. The level of agreements or disagreement of each statement was used to measure the perception of the respondents about the statements. For the data analysis, SPSS tool is used to tabulate and analyze the valid responses. The various tools such as frequencies, descriptive statistics for mean value were used to derive the result. The study also used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and compare mean t test along with statistical test of significance such as regression analysis, t-test and adjusted R2.
The reliability and validity results shows that the instruments were both reliable and valid with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 on 30 number of items as obtained which was greater than 0.7, it means that 92.0 percent of the data taken for the study are reliable. Likewise, Cronbach Alpha for on independent variables like compensation, bonus, training and development opportunities, promotion and motivation were 0.74, 0.75, 0.74, 0.73, 0.70, and 0.71 respectively which are all greater than 0.70. It means that the data taken for the study are reliable. Overall, study shows the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 which is also greater than 0.70, it shows that the overall study is reliable and valid.
The study shows that there is positive correlation between e-government adoption and service quality which means that higher the service quality, higher would be the e-government adoption. Likewise, the study shows a positive correlation between trust and e-government adoption indicating that higher the trust of customer, higher would be e-government adoption. The study also reveals a positive correlation between awareness and e-government. It means that higher the awareness program of government higher would be the e-government adoption. Similarly, there is a positive correlation between leadership and e-government adoption. It means that higher the leadership of government, higher would be the e-government adoption. The result shows the positive correlation between internet reach and e-government adoption. It means that higher the internet availability higher would be the adoption of e-government services.
The study shows that the beta coefficients for service quality are positive with e-government adoption. It indicates that service quality has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Similarly, the study reveals that beta coefficients for trust are positive and significant with e-government government. It indicates that trust has positive impact on e-government adoption. Furthermore, the beta coefficients for awareness are positive and significant with e-government adoption. It indicates that awareness has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Similarly, the study reveals that the beta coefficients for leadership are positive and significant with-government adoption. It indicates that leadership has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Likewise, the beta coefficients for internet reach are positive with e-government adoption. It indicates that internet reach has a positive impact on e-government adoption. The beta coefficients for service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach are positive and significant at one percent level of significance with e-government adoption.
Factors affecting successful e-government adoption in nepal [printed text] / Binod Basnet, Author . - 2020 . - 111p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: E-government is the commitment and initiative of a government to improve its relationship with citizens and the business sector through enhanced, cost-effective, and efficient delivery of services, information, and knowledge using information and communication technologies (ICT). It boosts the efficiency of government operations as well as enhances good governance and transparency. Electronic government (e-government) has established as an effective mechanism for increasing government’s productivity and efficiency and a key enabler of citizen oriented services. However, from a using perspective these services are yet to be fully accepted and used by all citizens. In terms of prior research into understanding factors influencing citizens‟ perception to use in Nepal where existing literatures are focus on implementation, opportunities and its challenges public value of e-Government in the country and no research studies were found that take a holistic viewpoint of use of e-government services. Therefore, this study attempts to explore and investigate the key factors that influence citizens‟ perception towards use of e-Government in Nepal. Fraga (2001) stated that e-government is the transformation of public sector’s internal and external relationships through net-enabled operations, IT and communications, in order to improve: government service delivery; constituency participation; society.
The major objective of this study is to examine the factors affecting successful e-government adoption in Nepal. The specific objectives of the study are: to examine the relationship of service quality, awareness, trust, leadership and internet reach with e-government adoption, to determine the perception of customer on service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach, to assess the impact of service quality, awareness, trust, leadership and internet reach on e-government adoption and to identify the most significant factor affecting the e-government adoption in Nepal.
The study is based on primary sources of data and designed to measure the impact of service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach on e-government adoption in Nepal. This study includes 210 respondents. Respondents in the study falls under service sectors, farmer, business sectors and other sectors. For the analysis of factors affecting e-government adoption in Nepal, 300 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and 210 were collected. There were five statements characterize each factor that effects e-government adoption. Each statement was measured on Likert scale. 5-pointLikert scale was used for the survey of which 1= strongly disagree statement, 2=disagree statement, 3= neutral statement, 4= agree statement, 5= strongly agree statement. The level of agreements or disagreement of each statement was used to measure the perception of the respondents about the statements. For the data analysis, SPSS tool is used to tabulate and analyze the valid responses. The various tools such as frequencies, descriptive statistics for mean value were used to derive the result. The study also used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and compare mean t test along with statistical test of significance such as regression analysis, t-test and adjusted R2.
The reliability and validity results shows that the instruments were both reliable and valid with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 on 30 number of items as obtained which was greater than 0.7, it means that 92.0 percent of the data taken for the study are reliable. Likewise, Cronbach Alpha for on independent variables like compensation, bonus, training and development opportunities, promotion and motivation were 0.74, 0.75, 0.74, 0.73, 0.70, and 0.71 respectively which are all greater than 0.70. It means that the data taken for the study are reliable. Overall, study shows the Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 which is also greater than 0.70, it shows that the overall study is reliable and valid.
The study shows that there is positive correlation between e-government adoption and service quality which means that higher the service quality, higher would be the e-government adoption. Likewise, the study shows a positive correlation between trust and e-government adoption indicating that higher the trust of customer, higher would be e-government adoption. The study also reveals a positive correlation between awareness and e-government. It means that higher the awareness program of government higher would be the e-government adoption. Similarly, there is a positive correlation between leadership and e-government adoption. It means that higher the leadership of government, higher would be the e-government adoption. The result shows the positive correlation between internet reach and e-government adoption. It means that higher the internet availability higher would be the adoption of e-government services.
The study shows that the beta coefficients for service quality are positive with e-government adoption. It indicates that service quality has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Similarly, the study reveals that beta coefficients for trust are positive and significant with e-government government. It indicates that trust has positive impact on e-government adoption. Furthermore, the beta coefficients for awareness are positive and significant with e-government adoption. It indicates that awareness has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Similarly, the study reveals that the beta coefficients for leadership are positive and significant with-government adoption. It indicates that leadership has a positive impact on e-government adoption. Likewise, the beta coefficients for internet reach are positive with e-government adoption. It indicates that internet reach has a positive impact on e-government adoption. The beta coefficients for service quality, trust, awareness, leadership and internet reach are positive and significant at one percent level of significance with e-government adoption.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 715/D BIN Maps and Plans Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing buying behavior of youths in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley / Pratima Dhakal
Title : Factors influencing buying behavior of youths in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Pratima Dhakal, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 123p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Buying behavior is the decision processes and acts of people involved in buying and using products. Consumer buying behavior refers to the buying behavior of the ultimate consumer. The process by which individuals search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services, in satisfaction of their needs and wants is called consumer buying behavior (Reddy et al., 2015). Buying behavior indicates that consumers will follow their experiences, preference and external environment to collect information, evaluate alternatives, and make purchase decision.
Ramya and Mohamed (2016) found that consumer behavior analysis is to explain why consumers act in particular ways under certain circumstances. It tries to determine the factors that influence consumer buying behavior, especially the economics, social and psychological aspects that can indicate the most favored marketing mix that management should select. Consumer behavior analysis help to determine the direction that consumer behavior is likely to make and to give preferred trends in product development, and attributes of alternatives communication method and many others. Consumers buy all kinds of products that seem of reasons that seem or felt like it necessary, for example as a way to relieve depressed mood, to portray an identify, or just for the fun of it. Therefore, buying behavior is explained as a non-rational purchase.
This study investigates factors affecting buying behavior of youths in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. This study has employed descriptive and casual comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variables such as consumer buying behavior with independent variables (price, product category, store environment, income level, window displays, design, location and promotional approach. In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collection was performed by providing questionnaire to 142 respondents. The questionnaire were ranking scale, Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on the different variables on factors influencing buying behavior of youths in departmental stores were measured in 5 point liker scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examined the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression tools were used in SPSS Package.
This study concludes that the price followed by product category, income level and window displays are the most dominant factors that influences the consumer buying behavior in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. The correlation matrix shows that price is positively related to consumer buying behavior. Likewise, product category is positively related to consumer buying behavior. Store environment is positively related to the consumer buying behavior. Similarly, promotional approach is positively related to consumer buying behavior.
The regression analysis reveals the beta coefficient is positive and significant for price with consumer buying behavior. It indicates that price has a positive impact on consumer buying behavior. The beta coefficient for product category is positive and significant with consumer buying behavior. This means that higher the product category, higher would be consumer buying behaviour. Likewise, the estimated regression equation shows that the beta coefficient for the income level is positive and significant for the consumer buying behavior. This means that higher the income level of consumers, higher would be the consumer buying behavior. The beta coefficient of promotional approach is also positive and significant for consumer buying behavior this means that higher the promotional activities, higher would be the consumer buying behavior. They are significant at 1 percent and 5 percent level of significance.
The study remains enough ground for the future researchers in the same topic. The future studies can be done by using primary as well as secondary data so that along with determinants of consumer buying behavior, perception of customers regarding departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. In addition to factors affecting consumer buying behavior, the future study may include other industrial sectors such as product and services, to make such research work more reliable and valid. The results are thus not representative of all sectors of the economy. Hence, future studies are suggested to include significant number of observations from the sectors other than product and services. Similarly, recommendation is given on the basis of the findings of the study.
Factors influencing buying behavior of youths in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley [printed text] / Pratima Dhakal, Author . - 2019 . - 123p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Buying behavior is the decision processes and acts of people involved in buying and using products. Consumer buying behavior refers to the buying behavior of the ultimate consumer. The process by which individuals search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of goods and services, in satisfaction of their needs and wants is called consumer buying behavior (Reddy et al., 2015). Buying behavior indicates that consumers will follow their experiences, preference and external environment to collect information, evaluate alternatives, and make purchase decision.
Ramya and Mohamed (2016) found that consumer behavior analysis is to explain why consumers act in particular ways under certain circumstances. It tries to determine the factors that influence consumer buying behavior, especially the economics, social and psychological aspects that can indicate the most favored marketing mix that management should select. Consumer behavior analysis help to determine the direction that consumer behavior is likely to make and to give preferred trends in product development, and attributes of alternatives communication method and many others. Consumers buy all kinds of products that seem of reasons that seem or felt like it necessary, for example as a way to relieve depressed mood, to portray an identify, or just for the fun of it. Therefore, buying behavior is explained as a non-rational purchase.
This study investigates factors affecting buying behavior of youths in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. This study has employed descriptive and casual comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variables such as consumer buying behavior with independent variables (price, product category, store environment, income level, window displays, design, location and promotional approach. In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collection was performed by providing questionnaire to 142 respondents. The questionnaire were ranking scale, Likert scale and other demographic information were used to collect primary data. The Likert scale on the different variables on factors influencing buying behavior of youths in departmental stores were measured in 5 point liker scale and weighted mean value of each variable were used to examined the relationship between dependent and independent variables as for the study purpose. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression tools were used in SPSS Package.
This study concludes that the price followed by product category, income level and window displays are the most dominant factors that influences the consumer buying behavior in departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. The correlation matrix shows that price is positively related to consumer buying behavior. Likewise, product category is positively related to consumer buying behavior. Store environment is positively related to the consumer buying behavior. Similarly, promotional approach is positively related to consumer buying behavior.
The regression analysis reveals the beta coefficient is positive and significant for price with consumer buying behavior. It indicates that price has a positive impact on consumer buying behavior. The beta coefficient for product category is positive and significant with consumer buying behavior. This means that higher the product category, higher would be consumer buying behaviour. Likewise, the estimated regression equation shows that the beta coefficient for the income level is positive and significant for the consumer buying behavior. This means that higher the income level of consumers, higher would be the consumer buying behavior. The beta coefficient of promotional approach is also positive and significant for consumer buying behavior this means that higher the promotional activities, higher would be the consumer buying behavior. They are significant at 1 percent and 5 percent level of significance.
The study remains enough ground for the future researchers in the same topic. The future studies can be done by using primary as well as secondary data so that along with determinants of consumer buying behavior, perception of customers regarding departmental stores in Kathmandu valley. In addition to factors affecting consumer buying behavior, the future study may include other industrial sectors such as product and services, to make such research work more reliable and valid. The results are thus not representative of all sectors of the economy. Hence, future studies are suggested to include significant number of observations from the sectors other than product and services. Similarly, recommendation is given on the basis of the findings of the study.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 613/D PRA Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing construction worker job satisfaction in Nepal construction industry / lilesh Kumar Yadav
Title : Factors influencing construction worker job satisfaction in Nepal construction industry Material Type: printed text Authors: lilesh Kumar Yadav, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 104p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 12/B Languages : English Abstract: Worker job satisfaction is defined as the favorableness or unfavorableness with which employees view (Keith et al., 1956). Likewise, According to Hoppock (1935), Job Satisfaction is an outcome of psychological, physiological and environmental forces that cause a person to say truthfully, I am satisfied with my job. According to Smith (1997), job satisfaction is the persistent feeling towards discriminate able aspects of the job situation. An attitude which results from a balancing and summation of many specific likes and dislikes experienced in connection with the job (Bullock et al. 2010). Fisher and Hanna (1931) revealed that job satisfaction as a product of non-regulatory mood tendency. Job satisfaction as a constitutional concept, contains the features of the Job and the features of job- related environment (Churchill et al., 1974). Likewise, job satisfaction is interpreted as an understanding of a psychological process of recognition, including the consciousness, the perception, the reasoning, the judgement, and other aspects (Organ and Near, 1985).
The major objective of this study is to examine the Factors influencing construction worker job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the effect of salary, working environment, supervision, commitment and training & development on job satisfaction in construction industry.
The respondent of the study are the employees of the Nepalese construction industry. The opinions of 166 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. The non- parametric test such as Kendall’s tau-b, step- wise regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between dependent variable and independent variable. The descriptive research design has been conducted for fact finding of different variables. This study focuses on the primary data analysis where questionnaire was distributed to employees of Construction Company. Based on the population, 166 samples are undertaken for the studies.
The descriptive results show that weighted average means scale for job salary is 3.67. It indicates that employee perception on salary is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for working environment is 3.60. it indicates that employee perception on working environment is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for supervision is 3.62. It indicates that employee on supervision is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Likewise, average mean scale for commitment is 3.63. it indicates that supervision perception on commitment is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for training and development is 3.58. It indicates that on training and development is good in Nepalese construction industry.
The result shows that salary is positively related to job satisfaction indicating that increase salary, increase the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Similarly, working environment is positively related with job satisfaction indication that well manage working environment, higher would be the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Similarly, commitment is positively related with job satisfaction indication that high commitment of high would be the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Likewise, training and development is positively related with job satisfaction indicate that high training and development higher will be job satisfaction in Nepalese job satisfaction.
The regression result indicates that the beta coefficients are positive for salary with job satisfaction. This indicates that salary has positive effect on job satisfaction. Similarly, beta coefficients are positive for working environment with job satisfaction. This indicates that working environment has positive effect on job satisfaction. Likewise, the beta coefficient is positive for supervision on job satisfaction. This indicates that supervision has positive effect on job satisfaction. Similarly, the beta coefficient is positive for commitment with job satisfaction. This indicates that supervision has positive effect on job satisfaction. Likewise, the beta coefficient is positive for training and development with job satisfaction. This indicates that training and development has positive effect on job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry.
Factors influencing construction worker job satisfaction in Nepal construction industry [printed text] / lilesh Kumar Yadav, Author . - 2019 . - 104p. ; GRP/Thesis + 12/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Worker job satisfaction is defined as the favorableness or unfavorableness with which employees view (Keith et al., 1956). Likewise, According to Hoppock (1935), Job Satisfaction is an outcome of psychological, physiological and environmental forces that cause a person to say truthfully, I am satisfied with my job. According to Smith (1997), job satisfaction is the persistent feeling towards discriminate able aspects of the job situation. An attitude which results from a balancing and summation of many specific likes and dislikes experienced in connection with the job (Bullock et al. 2010). Fisher and Hanna (1931) revealed that job satisfaction as a product of non-regulatory mood tendency. Job satisfaction as a constitutional concept, contains the features of the Job and the features of job- related environment (Churchill et al., 1974). Likewise, job satisfaction is interpreted as an understanding of a psychological process of recognition, including the consciousness, the perception, the reasoning, the judgement, and other aspects (Organ and Near, 1985).
The major objective of this study is to examine the Factors influencing construction worker job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the effect of salary, working environment, supervision, commitment and training & development on job satisfaction in construction industry.
The respondent of the study are the employees of the Nepalese construction industry. The opinions of 166 respondents were analyzed in order to know the perception of job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. The non- parametric test such as Kendall’s tau-b, step- wise regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between dependent variable and independent variable. The descriptive research design has been conducted for fact finding of different variables. This study focuses on the primary data analysis where questionnaire was distributed to employees of Construction Company. Based on the population, 166 samples are undertaken for the studies.
The descriptive results show that weighted average means scale for job salary is 3.67. It indicates that employee perception on salary is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for working environment is 3.60. it indicates that employee perception on working environment is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Likewise, weighted average mean scale for supervision is 3.62. It indicates that employee on supervision is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Likewise, average mean scale for commitment is 3.63. it indicates that supervision perception on commitment is good in Nepalese Construction industry. Similarly, weighted average mean scale for training and development is 3.58. It indicates that on training and development is good in Nepalese construction industry.
The result shows that salary is positively related to job satisfaction indicating that increase salary, increase the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Similarly, working environment is positively related with job satisfaction indication that well manage working environment, higher would be the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Similarly, commitment is positively related with job satisfaction indication that high commitment of high would be the job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry. Likewise, training and development is positively related with job satisfaction indicate that high training and development higher will be job satisfaction in Nepalese job satisfaction.
The regression result indicates that the beta coefficients are positive for salary with job satisfaction. This indicates that salary has positive effect on job satisfaction. Similarly, beta coefficients are positive for working environment with job satisfaction. This indicates that working environment has positive effect on job satisfaction. Likewise, the beta coefficient is positive for supervision on job satisfaction. This indicates that supervision has positive effect on job satisfaction. Similarly, the beta coefficient is positive for commitment with job satisfaction. This indicates that supervision has positive effect on job satisfaction. Likewise, the beta coefficient is positive for training and development with job satisfaction. This indicates that training and development has positive effect on job satisfaction in Nepalese construction industry.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 618/D LIL Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG products in Kathmandu Valley / Gopal Pandey
Title : Factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG products in Kathmandu Valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Gopal Pandey, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 105p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 1st/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: Consumer buying behavior is the sum total of a consumer's attitudes, preferences, intentions, and decisions regarding the consumer's behavior in the marketplace when purchasing a product or service. Buying behavior can measures the probability of a consumer to buy a product, and the higher the buying behavior, the higher a consumer’s willingness is to buy a product. Buying behavior indicates that consumers will follow their experience, preference and external environment to collect information, evaluate alternatives, and make purchase decision.
Consumer buying behaviour is influenced by two major factors. These factors are individual and environmental. The major categories of individual factors affecting consumer behaviour are demographics, consumer Knowledge, perception, learning, motivation, personality, beliefs, attitudes and life styles. The second category of factors is environmental factors. Environmental factors represent those items outside of the individual that affect individual consumer’s decision making process. These factors include culture, social class, reference group, family and household. The above-mentioned factors are the major determinants behind the decision of consumers to option a given good or service (Blackwell et al., 2006).
This study investigates factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG product in Kathmandu valley. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variable such as consumer buying behavior with independent variables (product price, marketing strategy, offer, brand image and display location). The study is based on primary sources of data. The primary data are used to extract the information form the customers regarding the perception of consumer buying behavior of FMCG in Kathmandu valley. Altogether 193 questionnaires were collected. To achieve the purpose of the study structured questionnaire was prepared.
The beta coefficients for product price are positive with consumer buying behaviour. It indicates that there is a positive impact of product price on consumer buying behaviour. This finding is consistent with the findings of Kotler and Keller (2016).Similarly, the result shows that the beta coefficients for offer has positive with consumer buying behaviour. It reveals that offer have a positive impact on consumer buying behaviour. This finding is similar to the findings of Ahmad et al. (2015) Furthermore, the beta coefficients for marketing strategy are positive with consumer buying behaviour. It reveals that marketing strategy have a positive impact on consumer buying behaviour.
The study remains enough ground for the future researchers in the same topic. The future studies can be done by using both primary and secondary data so that along with factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG product in Kathmandu valley. In addition to factors affecting consumer buying behaviour, the future study may include other industrial sector such as product and services, to make such research work more reliable and valid. The results are thus not representative of all sectors of the economy. Hence, future studies are suggested to include significant number of observations from the sectors other than product and services.
Factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG products in Kathmandu Valley [printed text] / Gopal Pandey, Author . - 2019 . - 105p. ; GRP/Thesis + 1st/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: Consumer buying behavior is the sum total of a consumer's attitudes, preferences, intentions, and decisions regarding the consumer's behavior in the marketplace when purchasing a product or service. Buying behavior can measures the probability of a consumer to buy a product, and the higher the buying behavior, the higher a consumer’s willingness is to buy a product. Buying behavior indicates that consumers will follow their experience, preference and external environment to collect information, evaluate alternatives, and make purchase decision.
Consumer buying behaviour is influenced by two major factors. These factors are individual and environmental. The major categories of individual factors affecting consumer behaviour are demographics, consumer Knowledge, perception, learning, motivation, personality, beliefs, attitudes and life styles. The second category of factors is environmental factors. Environmental factors represent those items outside of the individual that affect individual consumer’s decision making process. These factors include culture, social class, reference group, family and household. The above-mentioned factors are the major determinants behind the decision of consumers to option a given good or service (Blackwell et al., 2006).
This study investigates factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG product in Kathmandu valley. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variable such as consumer buying behavior with independent variables (product price, marketing strategy, offer, brand image and display location). The study is based on primary sources of data. The primary data are used to extract the information form the customers regarding the perception of consumer buying behavior of FMCG in Kathmandu valley. Altogether 193 questionnaires were collected. To achieve the purpose of the study structured questionnaire was prepared.
The beta coefficients for product price are positive with consumer buying behaviour. It indicates that there is a positive impact of product price on consumer buying behaviour. This finding is consistent with the findings of Kotler and Keller (2016).Similarly, the result shows that the beta coefficients for offer has positive with consumer buying behaviour. It reveals that offer have a positive impact on consumer buying behaviour. This finding is similar to the findings of Ahmad et al. (2015) Furthermore, the beta coefficients for marketing strategy are positive with consumer buying behaviour. It reveals that marketing strategy have a positive impact on consumer buying behaviour.
The study remains enough ground for the future researchers in the same topic. The future studies can be done by using both primary and secondary data so that along with factors influencing consumer purchase decision towards FMCG product in Kathmandu valley. In addition to factors affecting consumer buying behaviour, the future study may include other industrial sector such as product and services, to make such research work more reliable and valid. The results are thus not representative of all sectors of the economy. Hence, future studies are suggested to include significant number of observations from the sectors other than product and services.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 646/D GOP Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks / Ayush Nepal
Title : Factors influencing employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Ayush Nepal, Author Publication Date: 2018 Pagination: 103p. Size: Books Accompanying material: 10/B Languages : English Descriptors: Absenteeism (Labor) Class number: 331.2598 Abstract: Absenteeism has long been a major human relations problem for managers and supervisors. It places huge financial burdens on organizations and has a detrimental effect on productivity and performance. Identification of the factors influencing employee absenteeism is crucial for the corporate managers and it is even more crucial in banking sector especially in case of adeveloping country like Nepal. So, the relationship between employee absenteeism and various factors influencing employee absenteeism are stated as the research questions followed by the development of the hypotheses. The major objective of this study is to analyze the factors influencing employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks.
The study is based on the primary data which were gathered from 252 respondents of 18 Nepalese commercial banks. The respondents’ views were collected on employee absenteeism, working condition, stress related problem, employee age, employee job satisfaction and health condition.
The result shows there is negative relationship between working condition and employee absenteeism. It indicates that better the working environment, lower would be the employee absenteeism. The result also shows that employee job satisfaction is negatively correlated to employee absenteeism which indicates that increase in employee job satisfaction leads to decrease in employee absenteeism. Similarly, the result also shows that there is negative correlation between health condition and employee absenteeism. It indicates that better the health condition of the employee, lower would be the employee absenteeism. Similarly, employee age is negatively correlated to employee absenteeism. It means that increase in the age of the employee leads to decrease in employee absenteeism. However, the result shows that stress related problem is positively correlated to employee absenteeism. It indicates that higher the stress related problems within the employee, higher would be the employee absenteeism. The regression result shows that the beta coefficients for job satisfaction, health condition and stress related problems are positive and significant with employee job absenteeism.
Factors influencing employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Ayush Nepal, Author . - 2018 . - 103p. ; Books + 10/B.
Languages : English
Descriptors: Absenteeism (Labor) Class number: 331.2598 Abstract: Absenteeism has long been a major human relations problem for managers and supervisors. It places huge financial burdens on organizations and has a detrimental effect on productivity and performance. Identification of the factors influencing employee absenteeism is crucial for the corporate managers and it is even more crucial in banking sector especially in case of adeveloping country like Nepal. So, the relationship between employee absenteeism and various factors influencing employee absenteeism are stated as the research questions followed by the development of the hypotheses. The major objective of this study is to analyze the factors influencing employee absenteeism in Nepalese commercial banks.
The study is based on the primary data which were gathered from 252 respondents of 18 Nepalese commercial banks. The respondents’ views were collected on employee absenteeism, working condition, stress related problem, employee age, employee job satisfaction and health condition.
The result shows there is negative relationship between working condition and employee absenteeism. It indicates that better the working environment, lower would be the employee absenteeism. The result also shows that employee job satisfaction is negatively correlated to employee absenteeism which indicates that increase in employee job satisfaction leads to decrease in employee absenteeism. Similarly, the result also shows that there is negative correlation between health condition and employee absenteeism. It indicates that better the health condition of the employee, lower would be the employee absenteeism. Similarly, employee age is negatively correlated to employee absenteeism. It means that increase in the age of the employee leads to decrease in employee absenteeism. However, the result shows that stress related problem is positively correlated to employee absenteeism. It indicates that higher the stress related problems within the employee, higher would be the employee absenteeism. The regression result shows that the beta coefficients for job satisfaction, health condition and stress related problems are positive and significant with employee job absenteeism.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 412/D 331.2598 NEP Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing sustainability of microfinance institution in Kathmandu valley / Anjana Baniya
Title : Factors influencing sustainability of microfinance institution in Kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Anjana Baniya, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 113p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Financial sustainability of microfinance institutions is probably the crucial dimension of microfinance sustainability. Moreover, it is observed that microfinance organizations have had various degrees of sustainability; one such sustainability is the financial sustainability. There are two kinds of financial sustainability i.e. operational self-sustainability (OSS) and financial self-sustainability (FSS) that one could observe in assessing the performance of microfinance institution. Sustainability of MFIs can be viewed as an ability of MFIs to cover all its transaction costs (loan loss, financial and operation cost) and increase the flow of benefits or services through internally generated income or funds and consequently function without subsidies. An enduring problem facing microfinance institution is how to attain financial sustainability. According to the perspective of the borrower, sustainability is all about the ability of financial institutions to provide different benefits to give better facilities for small and middle class tiers of society. Sustainability is not about an end itself, in fact, it’s a way towards the desired end which is better quality of life and more opportunities for entrepreneurs.
The study attempts to examine the factor influencing sustainability of microfinance institutions of Kathmandu Valley. Sustainability measured in terms of operational self sufficiency and financial sustainability as the dependent variables. The independent variables are total loan, microenterprises loan, number of customer served, total deposit and number of active borrower. The study is based on secondary data of 20 microfinance institutions with 100 observations for the period of 2013/14 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected microfinance institutions. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on financial sustainability of microfinance institutions of Kathmandu Valley. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of financial sustainability of microfinance institutions.
The result shows that average operational self sufficiency is highest for Deprosc (1.09 percent) and lowest for Vijaya (0.22 percent), average financial sustainability is highest for Chimmek (0.95 percent) and lowest for Civil (0.20 percent), average total loan is highest for Nirdhan (Rs.5.11 billion) and lowest for Civil (Rs.0.12 billion), average microenterprises loan is highest for Chimmek (Rs.10.13 billion) and lowest for Civil (Rs.0.22 billion), average total deposit is highest for Chimmek (Rs.7.27 billion) and lowest for Grameen (Rs.0.05 billion), average number of customer served is highest for Chimmek (277.62 thousand) and lowest for Naya Nepal (7.25 thousand) and average number of active borrower is highest for Chimmek (209.97 thousand) and lowest for Reliable (4.51 thousand).
The descriptive statistics shows that the the operational self sufficiency (OSS) ranges from a minimum of 0.09 percent to a maximum of 1.88 percent to an average of 0.81 percent. Similarly, the financial sustainability ranges from minimum of 0.01 percent to a maximum of 1.24 percent leading to an average of 0.54 percent. Total loan varies from a minimum of 17.91 to a maximum of 22.65 leading to an average of 20.36. Similarly, Microenterprises loan varies from minimum of 18.25 to a maximum of 25.34 leading to an average of 20.73. Total deposit ranges from a minimum of 15.45 to a maximum of 23.54 leading to an average of 19.39. Number of customer served varies from a minimum of 7.90 to a maximum of 12.76 leading to an average of 10.67. Similarly, number of active borrower varies from minimum of 7.13 to a maximum of 12.43 percent leading to an average of 10.20.
The result shows total loan has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency (OSS). It indicates that increase in total loan leads to increase in OSS. Similarly, microenterprises loan has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency. It indicates that increase in microenterprises loan leads to increase in operational self sufficiency. The results also show that total deposit has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency. It indicates that increase in total deposit leads to increase in OSS. Similarly, number of customer served has a positive relationship with OSS. It reveals that increase in number of customer leads to increase in operational self sufficiency. The results also show that number of active borrower has positive relationship with OSS. It indicates that increase in number of active borrower leads to increase in operational self sufficiency.
The result also reveals that total loan has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability (FS). It indicates that increase in total loan leads to increase in financial sustainability. Similarly, microenterprises loan has also positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability which indicates that increase in microenterprises leads to increase in financial sustainability. The results also show that total deposit has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It reveals that increase in total deposit leads to increase in financial sustainability. Number of customer served has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It indicates that increase in number of customer leads to increase in financial sustainability. Similarly, number of active borrower has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It indicates that increase in number of active borrower leads to increase in financial sustainability.
The regression results of operational self sufficiency show that total loan has positive and significant impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the total loan higher would be the sustainability. Likewise, microenterprises loan has positive impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the microenterprises loan lower would be the sustainability. Similarly, total deposit has positive and significant impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the total deposit higher would be the sustainability. Likewise, number of customer served and number of active borrower has positive impact on level of sustainability. This indicates higher the number of customer served and number of active borrower higher would be the sustainability. The result also shows that the beta coefficient for total loan is significant at 1 percent level of significance and the beta coefficient for total deposit is significant at 5 percent level of significance. The regression result of financial sustainability shows that there is positive and significant impact of total loan, microenterprises loan and total deposit on sustainability. This indicates higher the total loan, microenterprises loan and total deposit higher would be the sustainability. Similarly, there is positive impact of number of customer served and number of active borrower on sustainability. This indicates higher the number of customer served and number of active borrower higher would be the sustainability. The result also shows that the beta coefficients for total loan, microenterprises loan, total deposit, number of customer served and number of active borrower are significant at 1 percent level of significance.
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Factors influencing sustainability of microfinance institution in Kathmandu valley [printed text] / Anjana Baniya, Author . - 2019 . - 113p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Financial sustainability of microfinance institutions is probably the crucial dimension of microfinance sustainability. Moreover, it is observed that microfinance organizations have had various degrees of sustainability; one such sustainability is the financial sustainability. There are two kinds of financial sustainability i.e. operational self-sustainability (OSS) and financial self-sustainability (FSS) that one could observe in assessing the performance of microfinance institution. Sustainability of MFIs can be viewed as an ability of MFIs to cover all its transaction costs (loan loss, financial and operation cost) and increase the flow of benefits or services through internally generated income or funds and consequently function without subsidies. An enduring problem facing microfinance institution is how to attain financial sustainability. According to the perspective of the borrower, sustainability is all about the ability of financial institutions to provide different benefits to give better facilities for small and middle class tiers of society. Sustainability is not about an end itself, in fact, it’s a way towards the desired end which is better quality of life and more opportunities for entrepreneurs.
The study attempts to examine the factor influencing sustainability of microfinance institutions of Kathmandu Valley. Sustainability measured in terms of operational self sufficiency and financial sustainability as the dependent variables. The independent variables are total loan, microenterprises loan, number of customer served, total deposit and number of active borrower. The study is based on secondary data of 20 microfinance institutions with 100 observations for the period of 2013/14 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected microfinance institutions. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on financial sustainability of microfinance institutions of Kathmandu Valley. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of financial sustainability of microfinance institutions.
The result shows that average operational self sufficiency is highest for Deprosc (1.09 percent) and lowest for Vijaya (0.22 percent), average financial sustainability is highest for Chimmek (0.95 percent) and lowest for Civil (0.20 percent), average total loan is highest for Nirdhan (Rs.5.11 billion) and lowest for Civil (Rs.0.12 billion), average microenterprises loan is highest for Chimmek (Rs.10.13 billion) and lowest for Civil (Rs.0.22 billion), average total deposit is highest for Chimmek (Rs.7.27 billion) and lowest for Grameen (Rs.0.05 billion), average number of customer served is highest for Chimmek (277.62 thousand) and lowest for Naya Nepal (7.25 thousand) and average number of active borrower is highest for Chimmek (209.97 thousand) and lowest for Reliable (4.51 thousand).
The descriptive statistics shows that the the operational self sufficiency (OSS) ranges from a minimum of 0.09 percent to a maximum of 1.88 percent to an average of 0.81 percent. Similarly, the financial sustainability ranges from minimum of 0.01 percent to a maximum of 1.24 percent leading to an average of 0.54 percent. Total loan varies from a minimum of 17.91 to a maximum of 22.65 leading to an average of 20.36. Similarly, Microenterprises loan varies from minimum of 18.25 to a maximum of 25.34 leading to an average of 20.73. Total deposit ranges from a minimum of 15.45 to a maximum of 23.54 leading to an average of 19.39. Number of customer served varies from a minimum of 7.90 to a maximum of 12.76 leading to an average of 10.67. Similarly, number of active borrower varies from minimum of 7.13 to a maximum of 12.43 percent leading to an average of 10.20.
The result shows total loan has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency (OSS). It indicates that increase in total loan leads to increase in OSS. Similarly, microenterprises loan has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency. It indicates that increase in microenterprises loan leads to increase in operational self sufficiency. The results also show that total deposit has a positive relationship with operational self sufficiency. It indicates that increase in total deposit leads to increase in OSS. Similarly, number of customer served has a positive relationship with OSS. It reveals that increase in number of customer leads to increase in operational self sufficiency. The results also show that number of active borrower has positive relationship with OSS. It indicates that increase in number of active borrower leads to increase in operational self sufficiency.
The result also reveals that total loan has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability (FS). It indicates that increase in total loan leads to increase in financial sustainability. Similarly, microenterprises loan has also positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability which indicates that increase in microenterprises leads to increase in financial sustainability. The results also show that total deposit has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It reveals that increase in total deposit leads to increase in financial sustainability. Number of customer served has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It indicates that increase in number of customer leads to increase in financial sustainability. Similarly, number of active borrower has a positive and significant relationship with financial sustainability. It indicates that increase in number of active borrower leads to increase in financial sustainability.
The regression results of operational self sufficiency show that total loan has positive and significant impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the total loan higher would be the sustainability. Likewise, microenterprises loan has positive impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the microenterprises loan lower would be the sustainability. Similarly, total deposit has positive and significant impact on sustainability. This indicates higher the total deposit higher would be the sustainability. Likewise, number of customer served and number of active borrower has positive impact on level of sustainability. This indicates higher the number of customer served and number of active borrower higher would be the sustainability. The result also shows that the beta coefficient for total loan is significant at 1 percent level of significance and the beta coefficient for total deposit is significant at 5 percent level of significance. The regression result of financial sustainability shows that there is positive and significant impact of total loan, microenterprises loan and total deposit on sustainability. This indicates higher the total loan, microenterprises loan and total deposit higher would be the sustainability. Similarly, there is positive impact of number of customer served and number of active borrower on sustainability. This indicates higher the number of customer served and number of active borrower higher would be the sustainability. The result also shows that the beta coefficients for total loan, microenterprises loan, total deposit, number of customer served and number of active borrower are significant at 1 percent level of significance.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 620/D ANJ Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Factors influencing the investment decision towards the initial public offerings in nepal / Bhumika shahi
Title : Factors influencing the investment decision towards the initial public offerings in nepal Material Type: printed text Authors: Bhumika shahi, Author Publication Date: 2020 Pagination: 115p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: Investment decisions are the decisions to invest the available capital in the wide array of investment options that are at the disposal of individual investors. These decisions are made with various objectives in mind, and these include ensuring safety of principal amount, high liquidity, earning higher return, and tax minimization. Different investors exist in the capital market, and they differ in their investment characteristics such as risk, liquidity and security requirement (Juliet, 2017). Investment decision making is a challenging activity for investors, especially in the dynamic environment with multidimensional alternatives (Farooq & Afzal, 2015). An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is an offering or flotation, when a company issues common stock or shares to the public for the first time. They are often issued by smaller, younger companies seeking capital to expand, but also done by large privately owned companies looking to become publicly traded (Ndirangu & Ouma, 2015). Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) provide a vehicle to earn superior returns to the potential investors. The IPO is an important milestone in the life cycle of a private organization and it has significant consequences on the ownership structure and controlling rights of the firm (Zheng and Li, 2008).
Aregbeyen and Mbadiugha (2011) revealed that the most influencing factors on investor’s decision are motivation by people, future financial security, recommendations by reputable and trusted stock brokers, management team of the company, awareness of the prospects of investing in shares and so on. Baker and Haslem (1974) identified that dividends, expected returns and the firm’s financial stability are critical investment considerations for individual investors. Francis and Soffer (1997) revealed that because of the existence of incentives for analysts to issue favorable recommendations, investors weight other information in the analyst report more heavily when they observe a buy rather than a sell recommendation. This factor includes purchase recommendations from brokerage houses and individual stock brokers. Recommendations from friends or coworkers marginally loaded on this factor as well.
In the context of Nepal, Timilsina (2010) opined that in Nepali IPO market most retail investors are speculators who bet their money on any kind of IPO without properly analyzing the offer documents. This is partly due to the lack of diversity of stocks in the market which is dominated by the stocks of banks and financial institutions. Most IPOs are from this sector. Most IPO subscribers in Nepal are short-term investors who are interested to sell the stocks as soon as they are listed in the stocks exchange. Therefore, most of the people view an IPO as a quick way to make money rather than a long-term investment.
This study examines the factors influencing investment decision towards Initial Public Offering of Nepal. Investment decision is dependent variables. The independent variables are objective factors, source of information factors, economic/ market factors, industry factors, company's qualitative factors and company's quantitative factor. This study is based on primary data of 202 respondent residing in Pokhara and Kathmandu valley. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The regression models are estimated to test the relationship, significance and impact of various factors in investment decision making in context of initial public offerings in Nepal.
The result shows that objective factor is positively correlated with investment decision. Similarly, source of information factors, economic/market factors and industry factor is also positively correlated with the investment decision. Furthermore, the company's quantitative and qualitative factor is positively correlated with the investment decision. The regression analysis showed that beta coefficient for industry factor is positive with investment decision. Similarly, the beta coefficient for source of information factor is positive with investment decision. Furthermore, the beta coefficient of economic/market factor is positive with investment decision. Likewise, the beta coefficient of industry factor is also positive with investment decision. Furthermore, company’s qualitative factor is positive with investment decision. Additionally, the beta coefficient company’s quantitative factor is also positive with investment decision. The study concludes that company’s quantitative factors followed by industry factors and qualitative factors is the most influencing variable that explains the investor’s investment decision towards the IPO of Nepal.
Factors influencing the investment decision towards the initial public offerings in nepal [printed text] / Bhumika shahi, Author . - 2020 . - 115p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: Investment decisions are the decisions to invest the available capital in the wide array of investment options that are at the disposal of individual investors. These decisions are made with various objectives in mind, and these include ensuring safety of principal amount, high liquidity, earning higher return, and tax minimization. Different investors exist in the capital market, and they differ in their investment characteristics such as risk, liquidity and security requirement (Juliet, 2017). Investment decision making is a challenging activity for investors, especially in the dynamic environment with multidimensional alternatives (Farooq & Afzal, 2015). An Initial Public Offering (IPO) is an offering or flotation, when a company issues common stock or shares to the public for the first time. They are often issued by smaller, younger companies seeking capital to expand, but also done by large privately owned companies looking to become publicly traded (Ndirangu & Ouma, 2015). Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) provide a vehicle to earn superior returns to the potential investors. The IPO is an important milestone in the life cycle of a private organization and it has significant consequences on the ownership structure and controlling rights of the firm (Zheng and Li, 2008).
Aregbeyen and Mbadiugha (2011) revealed that the most influencing factors on investor’s decision are motivation by people, future financial security, recommendations by reputable and trusted stock brokers, management team of the company, awareness of the prospects of investing in shares and so on. Baker and Haslem (1974) identified that dividends, expected returns and the firm’s financial stability are critical investment considerations for individual investors. Francis and Soffer (1997) revealed that because of the existence of incentives for analysts to issue favorable recommendations, investors weight other information in the analyst report more heavily when they observe a buy rather than a sell recommendation. This factor includes purchase recommendations from brokerage houses and individual stock brokers. Recommendations from friends or coworkers marginally loaded on this factor as well.
In the context of Nepal, Timilsina (2010) opined that in Nepali IPO market most retail investors are speculators who bet their money on any kind of IPO without properly analyzing the offer documents. This is partly due to the lack of diversity of stocks in the market which is dominated by the stocks of banks and financial institutions. Most IPOs are from this sector. Most IPO subscribers in Nepal are short-term investors who are interested to sell the stocks as soon as they are listed in the stocks exchange. Therefore, most of the people view an IPO as a quick way to make money rather than a long-term investment.
This study examines the factors influencing investment decision towards Initial Public Offering of Nepal. Investment decision is dependent variables. The independent variables are objective factors, source of information factors, economic/ market factors, industry factors, company's qualitative factors and company's quantitative factor. This study is based on primary data of 202 respondent residing in Pokhara and Kathmandu valley. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The regression models are estimated to test the relationship, significance and impact of various factors in investment decision making in context of initial public offerings in Nepal.
The result shows that objective factor is positively correlated with investment decision. Similarly, source of information factors, economic/market factors and industry factor is also positively correlated with the investment decision. Furthermore, the company's quantitative and qualitative factor is positively correlated with the investment decision. The regression analysis showed that beta coefficient for industry factor is positive with investment decision. Similarly, the beta coefficient for source of information factor is positive with investment decision. Furthermore, the beta coefficient of economic/market factor is positive with investment decision. Likewise, the beta coefficient of industry factor is also positive with investment decision. Furthermore, company’s qualitative factor is positive with investment decision. Additionally, the beta coefficient company’s quantitative factor is also positive with investment decision. The study concludes that company’s quantitative factors followed by industry factors and qualitative factors is the most influencing variable that explains the investor’s investment decision towards the IPO of Nepal.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 705/D BHU Maps and Plans Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Female consumer buying behavior on cosmetic products : A case of kathmandu valley / Diksha prasoom sah
Title : Female consumer buying behavior on cosmetic products : A case of kathmandu valley Material Type: printed text Authors: Diksha prasoom sah, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 100p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: In today's world, the customer’s demand and the power of the retailers is tremendously growing due to competitive environment and changing business. It is vital to have a sustainable relationship with customers for the survival and success of the producers (Du Plessis, 2005). The customer purchase decision is now becoming a complex process. Consumer’s behavior, perceptions and attitudes determine their purchase intentions. To evaluate and access a specific product, purchase behavior becomes a key point for consumers. Consumer buying behavior refers to all the activities performed by a consumer from the very starting of analyzing to buy a product to the satisfaction gained by them from using the products (Winer, 2001). The entire purchasing process involves giving a thought on what should be bought, which brand is good or suitable, from where or whom should the purchase be made, when to purchase, how much to spent, and how many times to buy and in what intervals. It is the sum total of a consumer's attitudes, preferences, intentions, and decisions in the marketplace when purchasing a product or service (Bhatt and Sankhla, 2017). According to Khaniwale (2015), consumer buying behavior is all the thought, feelings and actions that an individual has while buying any product, service or idea. It is the concept which answers what, why, how, when, and where an individual makes purchase.
Sata (2013) observed that the price influences the consumer buying behavior. The study revealed that the consumers willing to pay more for higher quality. The consumers emphasize the price as most important factor. Nilofer (2004) concluded that personality dimensions affect the advertisement preferences to consumer behavior of women of different age groups. Similarly, Strebelet al. (2004) proposed that the probability of making a decision is significantly lower when consumers are frustrated with the pace of technological change. Thagunna and Khanal (2013) identified the various dimensions of buying behavior of Nepalese women while making purchasing decisions. The study showed that customer service and lifestyle are most influential for Nepalese women’s purchasing decisions. Baniya (2017) found that there is positive influence of celebrity endorsement elements (physical attractiveness, source creditability trustworthiness, source credibility expertise, and celebrity brand match up) on customer attitudinal and behavioral loyalty attitude towards a brand and purchase intention. The major objective of the study is to examine the factors influencing female consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products, to analyze the dimension of female consumer buying behavior (brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging) towards cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley, to examine the relationship of brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging on female consumer buying behavior in case of Kathmandu valley, to determine the impact of female consumer buying behavior dimension towards cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley. To investigate the most important factor that influence female consumer buying behavior toward cosmetic products.
In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collection was designed to measure female consumer buying behavior on cosmetic products: A case of Kathmandu Valley. Population for this study was the general consumers in Kathmandu valley of different age group. Well-constructed questionnaires were distributed to different age group people to collect their responses through online which consist of questions such as Likert scale questions and multiple-choice questions. Total number of observations for the study consists of 122 respondents for analyzing the relationship of rand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging with consumer’s buying behavior. For the selection of the sample respondents, convenience sampling has been used. The data were entered and commands were operated using user menu of SPSS program. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression tools were used in SPSS package.
The major conclusion of the study is that brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging have positive and significant impact on consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley. Moreover, the study concludes that promotion has major significant impact on the consumers’ buying behavior. Similarly, the study also concludes that promotion followed by packaging followed by price and quality are the most dominant factors that affect consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley.
Female consumer buying behavior on cosmetic products : A case of kathmandu valley [printed text] / Diksha prasoom sah, Author . - 2019 . - 100p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: In today's world, the customer’s demand and the power of the retailers is tremendously growing due to competitive environment and changing business. It is vital to have a sustainable relationship with customers for the survival and success of the producers (Du Plessis, 2005). The customer purchase decision is now becoming a complex process. Consumer’s behavior, perceptions and attitudes determine their purchase intentions. To evaluate and access a specific product, purchase behavior becomes a key point for consumers. Consumer buying behavior refers to all the activities performed by a consumer from the very starting of analyzing to buy a product to the satisfaction gained by them from using the products (Winer, 2001). The entire purchasing process involves giving a thought on what should be bought, which brand is good or suitable, from where or whom should the purchase be made, when to purchase, how much to spent, and how many times to buy and in what intervals. It is the sum total of a consumer's attitudes, preferences, intentions, and decisions in the marketplace when purchasing a product or service (Bhatt and Sankhla, 2017). According to Khaniwale (2015), consumer buying behavior is all the thought, feelings and actions that an individual has while buying any product, service or idea. It is the concept which answers what, why, how, when, and where an individual makes purchase.
Sata (2013) observed that the price influences the consumer buying behavior. The study revealed that the consumers willing to pay more for higher quality. The consumers emphasize the price as most important factor. Nilofer (2004) concluded that personality dimensions affect the advertisement preferences to consumer behavior of women of different age groups. Similarly, Strebelet al. (2004) proposed that the probability of making a decision is significantly lower when consumers are frustrated with the pace of technological change. Thagunna and Khanal (2013) identified the various dimensions of buying behavior of Nepalese women while making purchasing decisions. The study showed that customer service and lifestyle are most influential for Nepalese women’s purchasing decisions. Baniya (2017) found that there is positive influence of celebrity endorsement elements (physical attractiveness, source creditability trustworthiness, source credibility expertise, and celebrity brand match up) on customer attitudinal and behavioral loyalty attitude towards a brand and purchase intention. The major objective of the study is to examine the factors influencing female consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products, to analyze the dimension of female consumer buying behavior (brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging) towards cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley, to examine the relationship of brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging on female consumer buying behavior in case of Kathmandu valley, to determine the impact of female consumer buying behavior dimension towards cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley. To investigate the most important factor that influence female consumer buying behavior toward cosmetic products.
In order to achieve the objectives, primary data collection was designed to measure female consumer buying behavior on cosmetic products: A case of Kathmandu Valley. Population for this study was the general consumers in Kathmandu valley of different age group. Well-constructed questionnaires were distributed to different age group people to collect their responses through online which consist of questions such as Likert scale questions and multiple-choice questions. Total number of observations for the study consists of 122 respondents for analyzing the relationship of rand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging with consumer’s buying behavior. For the selection of the sample respondents, convenience sampling has been used. The data were entered and commands were operated using user menu of SPSS program. In order to drive the meaningful relationship among the dependent and independent variables descriptive statistics, correlation and regression tools were used in SPSS package.
The major conclusion of the study is that brand name, price, quality, promotion and packaging have positive and significant impact on consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley. Moreover, the study concludes that promotion has major significant impact on the consumers’ buying behavior. Similarly, the study also concludes that promotion followed by packaging followed by price and quality are the most dominant factors that affect consumer buying behavior of cosmetic products in Kathmandu valley.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 679/D DIK Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available