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Personality development: planning your / G. Subrahmanyam
Title : Personality development: planning your Material Type: printed text Authors: G. Subrahmanyam, Author Publisher: New Delhi: Excel book Publication Date: 2008 Pagination: 90p Size: Book Price: Rs.200 Languages : English Descriptors: Development psychology
PersonalityKeywords: 'personality development psychology' Class number: 155.25 Personality development: planning your [printed text] / G. Subrahmanyam, Author . - [S.l.] : New Delhi: Excel book, 2008 . - 90p ; Book.
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Languages : English
Descriptors: Development psychology
PersonalityKeywords: 'personality development psychology' Class number: 155.25 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 622 155.25 SUB Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Psychology / Ciccarelli, Saundra
Title : Psychology Material Type: printed text Authors: Ciccarelli, Saundra, Author Edition statement: 11th ed Publisher: Delhi: Pearson Education Publication Date: 2014 Pagination: 753p Size: Books Price: Rs.1118 Languages : English Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'psychology' Class number: 150 Psychology [printed text] / Ciccarelli, Saundra, Author . - 11th ed . - [S.l.] : Delhi: Pearson Education, 2014 . - 753p ; Books.
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Languages : English
Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'psychology' Class number: 150 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 5074 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 5075 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Psychology / Ciccarelli, Saundra K. ; Meyer, Glenn E.
Title : Psychology Material Type: printed text Authors: Ciccarelli, Saundra K., Author ; Meyer, Glenn E., Author Edition statement: 11th ed Publisher: Dorling Kingdom, Pearson Education Publication Date: 2014 Pagination: 753p Size: Books Price: Rs.1040 Languages : English Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'Psychology' Class number: 150 Psychology [printed text] / Ciccarelli, Saundra K., Author ; Meyer, Glenn E., Author . - 11th ed . - [S.l.] : Dorling Kingdom, Pearson Education, 2014 . - 753p ; Books.
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Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'Psychology' Class number: 150 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 4599 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4616 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4755 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4756 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4757 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4758 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4945 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4946 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4947 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4948 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4949 150 CIC Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Psychology / Baron, Robert
Title : Psychology Material Type: printed text Authors: Baron, Robert, Author Edition statement: 5th ed Publisher: Delhi: Tata Mc Publication Date: 2001 Pagination: 668p. Size: Book Price: Rs. 904 Languages : English Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'psychology' Class number: 150 Psychology [printed text] / Baron, Robert, Author . - 5th ed . - [S.l.] : Delhi: Tata Mc, 2001 . - 668p. ; Book.
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Languages : English
Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'psychology' Class number: 150 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 3111 150 BAR Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 3112 150 BAR Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Psychology: an introduction / Shishir Subba ; Khem Raj Bhatta ; Padam Raj Joshi
Title : Psychology: an introduction Material Type: printed text Authors: Shishir Subba, Author ; Khem Raj Bhatta, Author ; Padam Raj Joshi, Author Publication Date: 2015 Pagination: 250p. Size: Book ISBN (or other code): 978-9937-0-0011-6 Price: Rs.375 Languages : English Descriptors: Psychology Class number: 150 Psychology: an introduction [printed text] / Shishir Subba, Author ; Khem Raj Bhatta, Author ; Padam Raj Joshi, Author . - 2015 . - 250p. ; Book.
ISBN : 978-9937-0-0011-6 : Rs.375
Languages : English
Descriptors: Psychology Class number: 150 Hold
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Title : Psychology: the science of mind and behaviour Material Type: printed text Authors: Passer, Michael W., Author Edition statement: 5th ed Publisher: Delhi: Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publication Date: 2013 Pagination: 673p Size: Books Languages : English Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'Psychology' Class number: 150 Psychology: the science of mind and behaviour [printed text] / Passer, Michael W., Author . - 5th ed . - [S.l.] : Delhi: Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 2013 . - 673p ; Books.
Languages : English
Descriptors: Psychology Keywords: 'Psychology' Class number: 150 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 4091 150 PAS Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available 4092 150 PAS Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship among employee loyalty,servicequality,costreduction and company performance in nepalese commercial bank / Shrijana bhujel
Title : Relationship among employee loyalty,servicequality,costreduction and company performance in nepalese commercial bank Material Type: printed text Authors: Shrijana bhujel, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 105p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 2nd/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: Performance measurement is a concept that allows the coordination of component parts of complex organizations. Performance viewed as the organization’s ability to achieve their objectives. Employee loyalty is the extent, to which the personnel are faithful to the organization, having feelings of bonding, inclusion, care, responsibility and devotion towards it. It also described as the extent to which there is a general willingness among employee to make an investment or personal sacrifice for the good of the organization. Employee loyalty is the extent, to which the personnel are faithful to the organization, having feelings of bonding, inclusion, care responsibility and devotion towards it. Service quality is one of the critical success factors that influence the service sectors especially in banks. A bank can differentiate itself from competitors by providing quality services at promised time. Service quality is one of the most attractive areas for the studies for the last decades in banking sector.
The study is based upon primary data and secondary data source extracted from self administered questionnaire and secondary data collected by annual report from different commercial banks. The primary data used to extract information from the employees regarding the company performance in Nepalese commercial banks. Altogether 22 commercial banks selected for the study and 205 questionnaires were received. Structured questionnaires was prepared to achieve the purpose of the study.
The major objective of this study is to analyze the relationship among employee loyalty, service quality, cost reduction and company performance in Nepalese commercial bank. The specific objectives are to: analyze the impact of employee loyalty on cost reduction and service quality on the company performance in Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the perception of employee on the level of service quality dimensions (responsiveness, reliability, tangibles) of Nepalese commercial banks, to assess the relationship of responsiveness, reliability and tangibles with company performance, and to determine the impact of cost reduction on performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The descriptive results show that calculated weighted average scale for responsiveness (RES) is 4.18. It indicates that responsiveness (RES) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the calculated weighted average scale for reliability (REL) is 3.99. It indicates that reliability (REL) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Similarly, the calculated weighted average scale for tangible (TAN) is 3.84. It indicates that tangible (TAN) have positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the calculated weighted average scale for cost reduction (CR) is 3.81. It indicates that cost reduction (CR) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The calculated weighted average scale for employee loyalty (EL) is 3.82. It indicates that employee loyalty (EL) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that responsiveness has a positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that better the responsiveness, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, there is a positive relationship of reliability with return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that higher the reliability leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Likewise, tangible is positively correlated to return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that better the tangibles, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. In addition, cost reduction has positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It means that increase in cost reduction leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. In addition, employee loyalty has positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It means that increase in employee loyalty leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity.
The study shows that responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, cost reduction and employee loyalty have positive impact on return on assets. Similarly, the study also shows that responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, cost reduction and employee loyalty have positive impact on return on equity. The study concludes that higher the level of employee loyalty, service quality, and cost reduction practice in the bank and better responsiveness of employees have significant impact on the company performance of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the study also shows that responsiveness followed by tangibles is the most influencing factor that explains the changes in return on assets of Nepalese commercial banks.
Relationship among employee loyalty,servicequality,costreduction and company performance in nepalese commercial bank [printed text] / Shrijana bhujel, Author . - 2019 . - 105p. ; GRP/Thesis + 2nd/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: Performance measurement is a concept that allows the coordination of component parts of complex organizations. Performance viewed as the organization’s ability to achieve their objectives. Employee loyalty is the extent, to which the personnel are faithful to the organization, having feelings of bonding, inclusion, care, responsibility and devotion towards it. It also described as the extent to which there is a general willingness among employee to make an investment or personal sacrifice for the good of the organization. Employee loyalty is the extent, to which the personnel are faithful to the organization, having feelings of bonding, inclusion, care responsibility and devotion towards it. Service quality is one of the critical success factors that influence the service sectors especially in banks. A bank can differentiate itself from competitors by providing quality services at promised time. Service quality is one of the most attractive areas for the studies for the last decades in banking sector.
The study is based upon primary data and secondary data source extracted from self administered questionnaire and secondary data collected by annual report from different commercial banks. The primary data used to extract information from the employees regarding the company performance in Nepalese commercial banks. Altogether 22 commercial banks selected for the study and 205 questionnaires were received. Structured questionnaires was prepared to achieve the purpose of the study.
The major objective of this study is to analyze the relationship among employee loyalty, service quality, cost reduction and company performance in Nepalese commercial bank. The specific objectives are to: analyze the impact of employee loyalty on cost reduction and service quality on the company performance in Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the perception of employee on the level of service quality dimensions (responsiveness, reliability, tangibles) of Nepalese commercial banks, to assess the relationship of responsiveness, reliability and tangibles with company performance, and to determine the impact of cost reduction on performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The descriptive results show that calculated weighted average scale for responsiveness (RES) is 4.18. It indicates that responsiveness (RES) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the calculated weighted average scale for reliability (REL) is 3.99. It indicates that reliability (REL) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Similarly, the calculated weighted average scale for tangible (TAN) is 3.84. It indicates that tangible (TAN) have positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the calculated weighted average scale for cost reduction (CR) is 3.81. It indicates that cost reduction (CR) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The calculated weighted average scale for employee loyalty (EL) is 3.82. It indicates that employee loyalty (EL) has positively impact on profitability of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that responsiveness has a positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that better the responsiveness, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, there is a positive relationship of reliability with return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that higher the reliability leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Likewise, tangible is positively correlated to return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that better the tangibles, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. In addition, cost reduction has positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It means that increase in cost reduction leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. In addition, employee loyalty has positive relationship with return on assets and return on equity. It means that increase in employee loyalty leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity.
The study shows that responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, cost reduction and employee loyalty have positive impact on return on assets. Similarly, the study also shows that responsiveness, reliability, tangibles, cost reduction and employee loyalty have positive impact on return on equity. The study concludes that higher the level of employee loyalty, service quality, and cost reduction practice in the bank and better responsiveness of employees have significant impact on the company performance of Nepalese commercial banks. Likewise, the study also shows that responsiveness followed by tangibles is the most influencing factor that explains the changes in return on assets of Nepalese commercial banks.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 686/D SHR Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship among non -interest income, profitability and risk in nepalese commercials banks / Ravi Dhungel
Title : Relationship among non -interest income, profitability and risk in nepalese commercials banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Ravi Dhungel, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 111p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: The liberalization has led banks to increasingly shift away from traditional lending activities towards non-traditional sources of income such as fees, commissions, and trading securities for higher profits. Fierce competition among them made income diversification an integral part of their business model. In order to move away from interest-based lending activities to non-interest based activities, they need to have a sophisticated technological scale, skills, resources, and capacity. Therefore, the effect of income diversification on profitability might always vary across banks, across different ownership groups (Mercieca et al., 2007; Pennathur et al., 2012). The economic theory suggests that, banks’ profitability should increase if there are various revenue stems and diversified financial. It suggests that banks with greater diversification through non-traditional sources of income can reduce income volatility substantially and well-diversified bank can materialize many benefits through the non-intermediation activities (Ahamed, 2017).
Goddard et al. (2008) examined the reduction of idiosyncratic risk and the strengthening of the financial system as the motives for diversification. The study found a positive impact of diversification on profitability. However, Acharya et al. (2006) found that diversification of loans does not typically enhance profitability or reduce risk in Italian banks. In addition, Stiroh and Rumble (2006) argued that if commercial banks have investment banking window and some fee-based income stems from investment banking activities, those earnings are more volatile than traditional lending activities, and thus banks with a higher portion of non-traditional income streams would be less profitable.
The study is based on secondary data of 22 commercial banks with 154 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. Data and information have been collected from the annual reports of selected commercial banks, banking and financial statistics and bank supervision report published by NRB. The statistical methods used in the analysis are descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The study reveals that return on assets is highest for ADBL (2.53 %) and lowest average for PBL (0.48 %). It has been found that the average return on assets has increasing trend across the year. The analysis shows that average RAROA is highest for SBL (7.373), and lowest for PBL (0.226). It has been found that the average RAROA has been fluctuating over the study period. The average non-interest income is highest for SCBNL (31.87 %) and lowest for ADBL (13.67 %), and has been found that non-interest income among the Nepalese commercial banks have been highly fluctuating over the study period. Also, average HHI is highest for ADBL (0.765) and lowest for SCBL (0.567). It has been found HHI among the Nepalese commercial banks have been highly fluctuating over the study period. The result shows that average equity is highest for SCBNL (18.76%) and lowest for NBL (7.54%) and has been found that the average bank equity ratio has increasing trend. The average bank size has increasing trend during the study period. The analysis shows that of average bank size is highest for highest for NIBL (Rs. 113.03 billion) and lowest for JBL (Rs. 32.81 billion). The analysis of structure and pattern of average loan is highest for JBL (74.11%) and lowest for SCBNL (49.02 percent). It has been found that average loan to total assets have been in increasing trend for almost all the Nepalese commercial banks in recent years.
The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix of the Nepalese commercial banks shows that non-interest income, equity and bank size has positive relationship with return on assets. However, HHI and loan ratio has negative relationship with return on assets. Likewise, the result shows that non-interest income, equity, bank size and loan are positively correlated to risk-adjusted return on assets. However, HHI is negatively correlated to risk-adjusted return on assets
The regression result shows equity to total assets ratio and bank size are positive and significant with return on assets at one percent level. It indicates that equity ratio and bank size have positive impact on return on assets. In the same way, the analysis reveals non-interest income are positive with return on assets. It indicates that non-interest income has positive impact on return on assets. However, HHI and loan to total assets ratio have negative impact on return on assets. Similarly, the regression analysis shows that total assets ratio is positive and significant with risk-adjusted return on assets at one percent level. It implies that bank size has negative impact on bank risk. Likewise, non-interest income is positive and significant with risk-adjusted return on assets implying that higher the non-interest income lower would be the bank risk. Similarly, the result shows that equity to total assets ratio and loan to total asset ratio have positive impact in risk-adjusted return on assets implying that higher the equity and loan lower would be the bank risk. However, the regression analysis shows that the beta coefficients HHI are negative with risk-adjusted return on assets implying that diversification (HHI) increases the bank risk.
Finally, the study concludes that bank size followed by equity to total assets is the most influencing factor that explains the profitability in Nepalese commercial banks. Similarly, bank size is the most influencing factor that explains the level of risk in Nepalese commercial banks.
Relationship among non -interest income, profitability and risk in nepalese commercials banks [printed text] / Ravi Dhungel, Author . - 2019 . - 111p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: The liberalization has led banks to increasingly shift away from traditional lending activities towards non-traditional sources of income such as fees, commissions, and trading securities for higher profits. Fierce competition among them made income diversification an integral part of their business model. In order to move away from interest-based lending activities to non-interest based activities, they need to have a sophisticated technological scale, skills, resources, and capacity. Therefore, the effect of income diversification on profitability might always vary across banks, across different ownership groups (Mercieca et al., 2007; Pennathur et al., 2012). The economic theory suggests that, banks’ profitability should increase if there are various revenue stems and diversified financial. It suggests that banks with greater diversification through non-traditional sources of income can reduce income volatility substantially and well-diversified bank can materialize many benefits through the non-intermediation activities (Ahamed, 2017).
Goddard et al. (2008) examined the reduction of idiosyncratic risk and the strengthening of the financial system as the motives for diversification. The study found a positive impact of diversification on profitability. However, Acharya et al. (2006) found that diversification of loans does not typically enhance profitability or reduce risk in Italian banks. In addition, Stiroh and Rumble (2006) argued that if commercial banks have investment banking window and some fee-based income stems from investment banking activities, those earnings are more volatile than traditional lending activities, and thus banks with a higher portion of non-traditional income streams would be less profitable.
The study is based on secondary data of 22 commercial banks with 154 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. Data and information have been collected from the annual reports of selected commercial banks, banking and financial statistics and bank supervision report published by NRB. The statistical methods used in the analysis are descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The study reveals that return on assets is highest for ADBL (2.53 %) and lowest average for PBL (0.48 %). It has been found that the average return on assets has increasing trend across the year. The analysis shows that average RAROA is highest for SBL (7.373), and lowest for PBL (0.226). It has been found that the average RAROA has been fluctuating over the study period. The average non-interest income is highest for SCBNL (31.87 %) and lowest for ADBL (13.67 %), and has been found that non-interest income among the Nepalese commercial banks have been highly fluctuating over the study period. Also, average HHI is highest for ADBL (0.765) and lowest for SCBL (0.567). It has been found HHI among the Nepalese commercial banks have been highly fluctuating over the study period. The result shows that average equity is highest for SCBNL (18.76%) and lowest for NBL (7.54%) and has been found that the average bank equity ratio has increasing trend. The average bank size has increasing trend during the study period. The analysis shows that of average bank size is highest for highest for NIBL (Rs. 113.03 billion) and lowest for JBL (Rs. 32.81 billion). The analysis of structure and pattern of average loan is highest for JBL (74.11%) and lowest for SCBNL (49.02 percent). It has been found that average loan to total assets have been in increasing trend for almost all the Nepalese commercial banks in recent years.
The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix of the Nepalese commercial banks shows that non-interest income, equity and bank size has positive relationship with return on assets. However, HHI and loan ratio has negative relationship with return on assets. Likewise, the result shows that non-interest income, equity, bank size and loan are positively correlated to risk-adjusted return on assets. However, HHI is negatively correlated to risk-adjusted return on assets
The regression result shows equity to total assets ratio and bank size are positive and significant with return on assets at one percent level. It indicates that equity ratio and bank size have positive impact on return on assets. In the same way, the analysis reveals non-interest income are positive with return on assets. It indicates that non-interest income has positive impact on return on assets. However, HHI and loan to total assets ratio have negative impact on return on assets. Similarly, the regression analysis shows that total assets ratio is positive and significant with risk-adjusted return on assets at one percent level. It implies that bank size has negative impact on bank risk. Likewise, non-interest income is positive and significant with risk-adjusted return on assets implying that higher the non-interest income lower would be the bank risk. Similarly, the result shows that equity to total assets ratio and loan to total asset ratio have positive impact in risk-adjusted return on assets implying that higher the equity and loan lower would be the bank risk. However, the regression analysis shows that the beta coefficients HHI are negative with risk-adjusted return on assets implying that diversification (HHI) increases the bank risk.
Finally, the study concludes that bank size followed by equity to total assets is the most influencing factor that explains the profitability in Nepalese commercial banks. Similarly, bank size is the most influencing factor that explains the level of risk in Nepalese commercial banks.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 699/D RAV Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk in Nepalese commercial banks / Naresh Simkhada
Title : Relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk in Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Naresh Simkhada, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 161p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: The capital, amount of liquid assets and portfolio risk have profound impact on the profitability of commercial banks in Asian developing economies. The main purpose of financial institutions is to maximize profit for which banks collect funds at a lower rate and lend at a greater rate of return (Rivai et al., 2007). The interrelationship between capital, portfolio risk and liquidity are of great importance for banking sector (Mahdi & Abbes, 2018).
The high level of bank capital boosts the confidence and trust of the public about the soundness of the bank. Capital helps the bank to cope more effectively with risk, but it also reduces the value of the deposit insurance put option (Merton, 1977). To ensure against liquidity risk arising from massive deposit out flows, banks can hold significant liquidity and capital buffers. Bank perform various functions out of them one of the main role of banks in the financial market is to create liquidity and transform risk (Berger & Bowman, 2009). Capital significantly affects the liquidity creation in the banking industry. According to Tan and Floros (2013), banks are forced by regulators to hold higher levels of capital when bank risk taking increases. On the other hand, the requirement to hold higher levels of capital from regulatory authorities can be responded by banks through increasing portfolio risk. An important factor contributing to a positive relationship between capital and portfolio risk relates to the actions of regulators and supervisors i.e. central bank (Altunbas et al., 2007). In addition, portfolio risk management has been an integral part of the diversified product and loan process in banking business.
The major objective of this study is to examine the relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk in Nepalese commercial banks. Besides, following are the specific objective of the study are to analyze the structure and pattern of capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the structure and pattern of selected banks specific variables (bank size, return on assets, loan loss provision, net interest margin and non-interest income) of Nepalese commercials banks, to identify the relationship between bank specific variables (control variables) and capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks and to examine the most essential variables affecting capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks.
The study is based on secondary data of 28 commercial banks with 196 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. Data and information have been collected from the annual reports of selected commercial banks, banking and financial statistics and bank supervision report published by Nepal Rastra Bank. The data are collected for capital ratio, liquidity ratio, portfolio risk (HHI), bank size (total assets), return on assets, loan loss provision, net interest margin and non-interest income. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design.
The result shows that ADBL has highest average capital (17.54 percent) and RBB has lowest average capital (5.23 percent) among the Nepalese commercial banks over the study period. The results show the fluctuating of the average capital ratio. The structure and pattern of liquidity for Nepalese commercial bank showed that average liquidity is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for the SCBNL (57.43 percent). The increasing trend of average liquidity computed over the observation period. The average Herfindahl-Hirschman Index–HHI score is highest for ADBL (0.43) and lowest for the KBL (0.22) and has fluctuating trend during the study period. RBB has the highest average total assets (size) (Rs. 154.68 in billion) and lowest for the CIVIL (Rs. 30.53 in billion) having increasing trend during the study period. NBBL has the highest average return on assets (2.65 percent) and PRABHU has the lowest return on assets (0.48 percent) having increasing trend during the study period. The average loan loss provision is highest for PRABHU (4.086 percent) and lowest for EBL (0.294 percent). The average loan loss provision has decreasing trend during the study period. ADBL has the highest average net interest margin (5.52 %) and lowest for the CCBL (2.37 %) The results show the fluctuating but stagnant trend of net interest margin during the study periods. NBBL has the highest average non-interest income (36.15 %) and ADBL has the lowest non-interest income (13.67 %) having fluctuating but stagnant trend during the study period.
The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix of the Nepalese commercial banks shows that liquidity, return on assets and net interest margin has positive and significant relationship with bank capital. Similarly, HHI, bank size and non-interest margin has positive relationship with bank capital whereas loan loss provision has negative relationship with bank capital. The study finds that there exits HHI and loan loss provision has negative and significant relationship with liquidity. Likewise, the result shows that bank size and non-interest income has negative relationship with liquidity whereas return on assets and net interest margin has positive relationship with liquidity. Furthermore, the study also shows that loan loss provision and net interest margin has positive and significant relationship with HHI. However, bank size, return on assets and non-interest income are negatively correlated to HHI.
The regression result shows that the liquidity (loan to deposit) and return on assets are positive and statistically significant (at 1 % level of significance) factors that affect capital of commercial banks in Nepal. It indicates that the loan to deposit ratio and return on assets has positive impact on bank capital. Similarly, the study also shows that HHI and bank size has positive impact on bank capital. However, loan loss provision has negative impact on bank capital indicating that higher the loan loss provision, lower would be the bank capital. The regression result also shows that bank capital has positive and significant (at 1 % level of significance) impact on liquidity (loan to deposit). However, the beta coefficients for HHI are negative with liquidity and it is significant at 5 % level of significance. Likewise, bank size has negative impact on the liquidity. However, return on assets and net interest margin have positive impact on the liquidity indicating that increase in profitability of the banks leads to increase the loan disbursement. The regression result of the study also concludes that bank capital has positive impact on HHI. However, the beta coefficients for liquidity and non-interest income are negative with HHI and it is significant at 5 % level of significance. Likewise, bank size has negative impact on the HHI. However, loan loss provision has positive and significant (at 1 % level of significance) impact on the HHI.
Finally, the study concludes that there is a significant relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk. The study also concludes that liquidity and return on assets are the most influencing factor that explains the changes in the bank capital. Similarly, the most dominant factor that determine the portfolio risk is loan loss provision followed by non-interest income and liquidity. Likewise, the most dominant factor that determine the liquidity is bank capital followed by portfolio risk.
Relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk in Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Naresh Simkhada, Author . - 2019 . - 161p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: The capital, amount of liquid assets and portfolio risk have profound impact on the profitability of commercial banks in Asian developing economies. The main purpose of financial institutions is to maximize profit for which banks collect funds at a lower rate and lend at a greater rate of return (Rivai et al., 2007). The interrelationship between capital, portfolio risk and liquidity are of great importance for banking sector (Mahdi & Abbes, 2018).
The high level of bank capital boosts the confidence and trust of the public about the soundness of the bank. Capital helps the bank to cope more effectively with risk, but it also reduces the value of the deposit insurance put option (Merton, 1977). To ensure against liquidity risk arising from massive deposit out flows, banks can hold significant liquidity and capital buffers. Bank perform various functions out of them one of the main role of banks in the financial market is to create liquidity and transform risk (Berger & Bowman, 2009). Capital significantly affects the liquidity creation in the banking industry. According to Tan and Floros (2013), banks are forced by regulators to hold higher levels of capital when bank risk taking increases. On the other hand, the requirement to hold higher levels of capital from regulatory authorities can be responded by banks through increasing portfolio risk. An important factor contributing to a positive relationship between capital and portfolio risk relates to the actions of regulators and supervisors i.e. central bank (Altunbas et al., 2007). In addition, portfolio risk management has been an integral part of the diversified product and loan process in banking business.
The major objective of this study is to examine the relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk in Nepalese commercial banks. Besides, following are the specific objective of the study are to analyze the structure and pattern of capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the structure and pattern of selected banks specific variables (bank size, return on assets, loan loss provision, net interest margin and non-interest income) of Nepalese commercials banks, to identify the relationship between bank specific variables (control variables) and capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks and to examine the most essential variables affecting capital, liquidity and portfolio risk of Nepalese commercial banks.
The study is based on secondary data of 28 commercial banks with 196 observations for the period of 2011/12 to 2017/18. Data and information have been collected from the annual reports of selected commercial banks, banking and financial statistics and bank supervision report published by Nepal Rastra Bank. The data are collected for capital ratio, liquidity ratio, portfolio risk (HHI), bank size (total assets), return on assets, loan loss provision, net interest margin and non-interest income. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design.
The result shows that ADBL has highest average capital (17.54 percent) and RBB has lowest average capital (5.23 percent) among the Nepalese commercial banks over the study period. The results show the fluctuating of the average capital ratio. The structure and pattern of liquidity for Nepalese commercial bank showed that average liquidity is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for the SCBNL (57.43 percent). The increasing trend of average liquidity computed over the observation period. The average Herfindahl-Hirschman Index–HHI score is highest for ADBL (0.43) and lowest for the KBL (0.22) and has fluctuating trend during the study period. RBB has the highest average total assets (size) (Rs. 154.68 in billion) and lowest for the CIVIL (Rs. 30.53 in billion) having increasing trend during the study period. NBBL has the highest average return on assets (2.65 percent) and PRABHU has the lowest return on assets (0.48 percent) having increasing trend during the study period. The average loan loss provision is highest for PRABHU (4.086 percent) and lowest for EBL (0.294 percent). The average loan loss provision has decreasing trend during the study period. ADBL has the highest average net interest margin (5.52 %) and lowest for the CCBL (2.37 %) The results show the fluctuating but stagnant trend of net interest margin during the study periods. NBBL has the highest average non-interest income (36.15 %) and ADBL has the lowest non-interest income (13.67 %) having fluctuating but stagnant trend during the study period.
The Pearson’s correlation coefficients matrix of the Nepalese commercial banks shows that liquidity, return on assets and net interest margin has positive and significant relationship with bank capital. Similarly, HHI, bank size and non-interest margin has positive relationship with bank capital whereas loan loss provision has negative relationship with bank capital. The study finds that there exits HHI and loan loss provision has negative and significant relationship with liquidity. Likewise, the result shows that bank size and non-interest income has negative relationship with liquidity whereas return on assets and net interest margin has positive relationship with liquidity. Furthermore, the study also shows that loan loss provision and net interest margin has positive and significant relationship with HHI. However, bank size, return on assets and non-interest income are negatively correlated to HHI.
The regression result shows that the liquidity (loan to deposit) and return on assets are positive and statistically significant (at 1 % level of significance) factors that affect capital of commercial banks in Nepal. It indicates that the loan to deposit ratio and return on assets has positive impact on bank capital. Similarly, the study also shows that HHI and bank size has positive impact on bank capital. However, loan loss provision has negative impact on bank capital indicating that higher the loan loss provision, lower would be the bank capital. The regression result also shows that bank capital has positive and significant (at 1 % level of significance) impact on liquidity (loan to deposit). However, the beta coefficients for HHI are negative with liquidity and it is significant at 5 % level of significance. Likewise, bank size has negative impact on the liquidity. However, return on assets and net interest margin have positive impact on the liquidity indicating that increase in profitability of the banks leads to increase the loan disbursement. The regression result of the study also concludes that bank capital has positive impact on HHI. However, the beta coefficients for liquidity and non-interest income are negative with HHI and it is significant at 5 % level of significance. Likewise, bank size has negative impact on the HHI. However, loan loss provision has positive and significant (at 1 % level of significance) impact on the HHI.
Finally, the study concludes that there is a significant relationship between capital, liquidity and portfolio risk. The study also concludes that liquidity and return on assets are the most influencing factor that explains the changes in the bank capital. Similarly, the most dominant factor that determine the portfolio risk is loan loss provision followed by non-interest income and liquidity. Likewise, the most dominant factor that determine the liquidity is bank capital followed by portfolio risk.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 652/D NAR Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship between cash flow and financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks / Siksha Upadhyaya
Title : Relationship between cash flow and financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Siksha Upadhyaya, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 150p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 2nd/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: Cash flow issue raised an alarm in terms of cash management, since it greatly affects day to day operations of the firm cash which is the key engine to financial performance (Klonowski, 2012). According to Petro and Gean (2014), cash flow may be defined as the proportion of money received or paid out by a business enterprise for a given period. Gilchrist & Himmelberg (1995) stated that cash flow is of vital importance to the health of a business. Cash flow statements help financial analysts to comprehend the use of short-term and long-term financial resources of a firm on cash basis (Motlagh, 2013). Sharma and Iselin (2003) found that the cash flow model exhibited better prediction accuracy with respect to solvency assessment than the accrual model. Cash flow analysis uses ratios that focus on cash flow and how solvent, liquid, and viable a company is (Figlewicz and Zeller, 1991).The three categories of the firm’s activities; operating, investing, and financing provide a comprehensive portrait of the financial condition of the firm that cannot be deduced from the balance sheet and income statement alone (Ibarra, 2009, Mautz & Angell, 2009). Sharma et al. (2014) showed that the total assets have positive and significant relation with return on assets but insignificant relation with return on equity. Pradhan & Khadka (2017) found a positive relationship between banks’ profitability and short term debt to total assets, interest coverage ratio and size of the banks. Similarly, Kunwar et al. (2014) revealed that bank performance had negative relationship with bank size. Likewise, Maharjan et al. (2016) found that ROE had positive correlation with debt to equity and ROA had negative correlation with loan to deposit, debt equity.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between of cash flow and financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the structure and pattern of return on assets and return on equity of Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the structure and pattern of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio of the Nepalese commercial banks, to determine the relationship between cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio, liquidity ratio and financial performance in Nepalese commercial banks, to analyze the impact of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with the return on assets and return on equity in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study based on the secondary source of data which were gather for a sample of 20 commercial banks of Nepal within the time period from 2008/09 to 2017/18, leading to the total of 200 observations. The secondary data have been obtained from Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual report of selected banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative types as it deals with relationship of liquidity management factor like cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with ROA (return on assets) and ROE (return on equity). The statistical methods used in the analysis are descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The correlation matrix of selected commercial banks shows that cash flow from operating activities is positively correlated with return on assets. Similarly, cash flow from investing activities has positive relationship with return on assets. Likewise, the results show that firm size has positive relationship with return on assets. However, liquidity ratio has negative relationship with return on assets and cash flow from financing activities is negatively correlated with return on assets. There is negative relationship of leverage ratio with return on assets. The regression indicate that there is positive impact of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, firm size , leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with return on equity. However, there is negative impact of cash flow from financing activities with return on equity. The regression also indicate that cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities and firm size has positive impact on return on assets. However, cash flow from financing activities, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio has positive impact on return on assets.
Relationship between cash flow and financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Siksha Upadhyaya, Author . - 2019 . - 150p. ; GRP/Thesis + 2nd/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: Cash flow issue raised an alarm in terms of cash management, since it greatly affects day to day operations of the firm cash which is the key engine to financial performance (Klonowski, 2012). According to Petro and Gean (2014), cash flow may be defined as the proportion of money received or paid out by a business enterprise for a given period. Gilchrist & Himmelberg (1995) stated that cash flow is of vital importance to the health of a business. Cash flow statements help financial analysts to comprehend the use of short-term and long-term financial resources of a firm on cash basis (Motlagh, 2013). Sharma and Iselin (2003) found that the cash flow model exhibited better prediction accuracy with respect to solvency assessment than the accrual model. Cash flow analysis uses ratios that focus on cash flow and how solvent, liquid, and viable a company is (Figlewicz and Zeller, 1991).The three categories of the firm’s activities; operating, investing, and financing provide a comprehensive portrait of the financial condition of the firm that cannot be deduced from the balance sheet and income statement alone (Ibarra, 2009, Mautz & Angell, 2009). Sharma et al. (2014) showed that the total assets have positive and significant relation with return on assets but insignificant relation with return on equity. Pradhan & Khadka (2017) found a positive relationship between banks’ profitability and short term debt to total assets, interest coverage ratio and size of the banks. Similarly, Kunwar et al. (2014) revealed that bank performance had negative relationship with bank size. Likewise, Maharjan et al. (2016) found that ROE had positive correlation with debt to equity and ROA had negative correlation with loan to deposit, debt equity.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between of cash flow and financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks. The specific objectives of the study are to analyze the structure and pattern of return on assets and return on equity of Nepalese commercial banks, to examine the structure and pattern of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio of the Nepalese commercial banks, to determine the relationship between cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio, liquidity ratio and financial performance in Nepalese commercial banks, to analyze the impact of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with the return on assets and return on equity in Nepalese commercial banks.
This study based on the secondary source of data which were gather for a sample of 20 commercial banks of Nepal within the time period from 2008/09 to 2017/18, leading to the total of 200 observations. The secondary data have been obtained from Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual report of selected banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative types as it deals with relationship of liquidity management factor like cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, cash flow from financing activities, firm size, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with ROA (return on assets) and ROE (return on equity). The statistical methods used in the analysis are descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis.
The correlation matrix of selected commercial banks shows that cash flow from operating activities is positively correlated with return on assets. Similarly, cash flow from investing activities has positive relationship with return on assets. Likewise, the results show that firm size has positive relationship with return on assets. However, liquidity ratio has negative relationship with return on assets and cash flow from financing activities is negatively correlated with return on assets. There is negative relationship of leverage ratio with return on assets. The regression indicate that there is positive impact of cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities, firm size , leverage ratio and liquidity ratio with return on equity. However, there is negative impact of cash flow from financing activities with return on equity. The regression also indicate that cash flow from operating activities, cash flow from investing activities and firm size has positive impact on return on assets. However, cash flow from financing activities, leverage ratio and liquidity ratio has positive impact on return on assets.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 666/D SIK Books Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship between financial distress and financial performance of nepalese commercial banks / Salma Khatun
Title : Relationship between financial distress and financial performance of nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Salma Khatun, Author Publication Date: 2020 Pagination: 124p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 15th Languages : English Abstract: The banking sector plays an important role in the economic growth of a country. This is made through matching surplus economic units with deficit economic units. However, this fundamental role of banks in the 'maturity transformation' of short term deposits into long term loans make banks inherently vulnerable to liquidity risk, both of an institution specific nature and that which affects markets as a whole. This is due to the fact that loans are regarded as the most profitable service yet the most risky service provided by banks (Berger and Bouwman, 2009). Financial distress is one of the most significant threats for many firms globally despite their size and nature. The term financial distress is used in a negative connotation to describe the financial situation of a company confronted with a temporary lack of liquidity and with the difficulties that ensue in fulfilling financial obligations on schedule and to the full extent (Outecheva, 2007). Financial distress does not necessarily result in the collapse and dissolution of a firm. In an economic sense it could mean that a firm is losing money – its revenues do not cover its costs. It could also mean that its earnings rate is less than its cost of capital (Weston & Copeland 1998).
This study attempts to examine the relationship between financial distress and firm performance of Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on the secondary data which are gathered for 28 Nepalese commercial banks with 196 observations for the period of 7 years from 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data are collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design. Therefore, regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of financial distress variables on the financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the highest ROA is found for NBBL i.e. 4.01% in 2011/12. The highest return on equity is of RBB of 113.65% in year 2011/12. The liquidity ratio is highest of CCBL 97% in the year 2017/18. The highest leverage ratio is of RBB of 81.22 in 2011/12. The highest capital adequacy ratio is of SCBNL of 22.99 in 2017/18. The highest operational efficiency is of ADBL of 6.61% in year 2011/12. The highest LLP ratio is of CIVIL of 55.73% in 2015/16. The average return on asset is highest for NBBL (2.65 percent) and lowest for PRABHU (0.49 percent). The average return on equity is highest for RBB (44.61%) and lowest for NBL (-56.11%). The average liquidity ratio is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for RBB (60.51 percent). The average ratio of leverage is highest for RBB (27.74 times) and lowest for NBL (-55.64). The average ratio of capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for RBB (5.75 percent). The average ratio of operational efficiency is highest for ADBL (6.4%) and lowest for CCBL (3.2%). The average loan loss provision is highest for PRABHU (52.56 percent) and lowest for NABIL (3.89 percent).
The descriptive analysis shows that the average return on assets of Nepalese commercial banks is 1.53 percent while the average of return on equity is 12.42 percent. The average ratio of liquidity of selected banks during the study period is noticed to be 78.96 percent. Likewise, leverage has average of 6.93 times, the average capital adequacy ratio of selected banks during the study period is noticed to be 12.73 percent. Similarly, the average of operational efficiency during the study period is noticed to be 4.16 percent. And the loan loss provision is 15.64 percent on an average of selected commercial banks.
The correlation matrix shows that liquidity, leverage, capital adequacy and operational efficiency are positively correlated to return on assets. However, loan loss provision has negative relationship with the return on assets. The study also finds that liquidity, leverage, capital adequacy and operational efficiency have positive relationship with return on equity. However, loan loss provision is negatively correlated to return on equity.
The regression result shows that liquidity has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that increase in liquidity leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Leverage has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity indicating that increase in leverage leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, there is a positive impact of capital adequacy ratio on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that higher the ratio of capital adequacy, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. Operational efficiency has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity indicating that increase in operational efficiency leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. However, loan loss provision ratio has a negative impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that the higher the loan loss provision, lower would be the return on assets and return on equity. The study concludes that loan loss provision followed by operational efficiency is the most influencing factor that determine the return on assets. The study also concludes that the most dominant factor to influence return on equity is the leverage followed by capital adequacy ratio in Nepalese commercial banks.
Relationship between financial distress and financial performance of nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Salma Khatun, Author . - 2020 . - 124p. ; GRP/Thesis + 15th.
Languages : English
Abstract: The banking sector plays an important role in the economic growth of a country. This is made through matching surplus economic units with deficit economic units. However, this fundamental role of banks in the 'maturity transformation' of short term deposits into long term loans make banks inherently vulnerable to liquidity risk, both of an institution specific nature and that which affects markets as a whole. This is due to the fact that loans are regarded as the most profitable service yet the most risky service provided by banks (Berger and Bouwman, 2009). Financial distress is one of the most significant threats for many firms globally despite their size and nature. The term financial distress is used in a negative connotation to describe the financial situation of a company confronted with a temporary lack of liquidity and with the difficulties that ensue in fulfilling financial obligations on schedule and to the full extent (Outecheva, 2007). Financial distress does not necessarily result in the collapse and dissolution of a firm. In an economic sense it could mean that a firm is losing money – its revenues do not cover its costs. It could also mean that its earnings rate is less than its cost of capital (Weston & Copeland 1998).
This study attempts to examine the relationship between financial distress and firm performance of Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on the secondary data which are gathered for 28 Nepalese commercial banks with 196 observations for the period of 7 years from 2011/12 to 2017/18. The secondary data are collected from the Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank and annual reports of the selected commercial banks. The research design adopted in this study is descriptive and causal comparative research design. Therefore, regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of financial distress variables on the financial performance of Nepalese commercial banks.
The result shows that the highest ROA is found for NBBL i.e. 4.01% in 2011/12. The highest return on equity is of RBB of 113.65% in year 2011/12. The liquidity ratio is highest of CCBL 97% in the year 2017/18. The highest leverage ratio is of RBB of 81.22 in 2011/12. The highest capital adequacy ratio is of SCBNL of 22.99 in 2017/18. The highest operational efficiency is of ADBL of 6.61% in year 2011/12. The highest LLP ratio is of CIVIL of 55.73% in 2015/16. The average return on asset is highest for NBBL (2.65 percent) and lowest for PRABHU (0.49 percent). The average return on equity is highest for RBB (44.61%) and lowest for NBL (-56.11%). The average liquidity ratio is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for RBB (60.51 percent). The average ratio of leverage is highest for RBB (27.74 times) and lowest for NBL (-55.64). The average ratio of capital adequacy ratio is highest for ADBL (89.73 percent) and lowest for RBB (5.75 percent). The average ratio of operational efficiency is highest for ADBL (6.4%) and lowest for CCBL (3.2%). The average loan loss provision is highest for PRABHU (52.56 percent) and lowest for NABIL (3.89 percent).
The descriptive analysis shows that the average return on assets of Nepalese commercial banks is 1.53 percent while the average of return on equity is 12.42 percent. The average ratio of liquidity of selected banks during the study period is noticed to be 78.96 percent. Likewise, leverage has average of 6.93 times, the average capital adequacy ratio of selected banks during the study period is noticed to be 12.73 percent. Similarly, the average of operational efficiency during the study period is noticed to be 4.16 percent. And the loan loss provision is 15.64 percent on an average of selected commercial banks.
The correlation matrix shows that liquidity, leverage, capital adequacy and operational efficiency are positively correlated to return on assets. However, loan loss provision has negative relationship with the return on assets. The study also finds that liquidity, leverage, capital adequacy and operational efficiency have positive relationship with return on equity. However, loan loss provision is negatively correlated to return on equity.
The regression result shows that liquidity has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that increase in liquidity leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Leverage has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity indicating that increase in leverage leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. Similarly, there is a positive impact of capital adequacy ratio on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that higher the ratio of capital adequacy, higher would be the return on assets and return on equity. Operational efficiency has a positive impact on return on assets and return on equity indicating that increase in operational efficiency leads to increase in return on assets and return on equity. However, loan loss provision ratio has a negative impact on return on assets and return on equity. It indicates that the higher the loan loss provision, lower would be the return on assets and return on equity. The study concludes that loan loss provision followed by operational efficiency is the most influencing factor that determine the return on assets. The study also concludes that the most dominant factor to influence return on equity is the leverage followed by capital adequacy ratio in Nepalese commercial banks.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 703/D SAL Maps and Plans Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship between firm's characteristics and profitability of Nepalese insurance companies / devi Deuba
Title : Relationship between firm's characteristics and profitability of Nepalese insurance companies Material Type: printed text Authors: devi Deuba, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 133p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 2nd/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: The insurance sector plays an important role in the service-based economy and its services are now being integrated into wider financial industry. Insurance companies act as financial intermediaries. The Assessment on the determinants of performance of insurers has gained the importance in the corporate finance literature as they act as intermediaries, these companies not only provide the mechanism of risk transfer, but also helps to proper utilize the funds in an appropriate way to support the business activities in the economy. Financial institutions like insurance companies are very important to enhance economic growth and development. Insurance companies serve the needs of business units and private individuals in financial intermediation. Insurance companies play a key role in financial sector. In developed countries, it accounts for a significant portion of the economy. By collecting relative premium from many small individuals in the economy, insurance companies are able to pull a large pool of funds that could be invested in both short and long term periods in order to get profits from investments. Generally, the firm’s performance can be estimated by measuring the firm’s profitability, and insurer’s performance is related to such potential determinants as company’s size, leverage, tangibility, age of the company, and growth premium of written insurance premiums past performance. Profitability as a financial performance is the function of the ability of an organization to gain and manage the resources in several different ways to develop competitive advantage.
The study attempts to examine the relationship between firm’s characteristics and profitability of Nepalese insurance companies. Return on assets and return on equity are the dependent variables. The independent variables are firm size, firm age, premium growth rate, tangibility, liquidity and leverage. The study is based on secondary data of 16 insurance companies with 128 observations for the period of 2010/11 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected insurance companies. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on financial stability of Nepalese insurance companies. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of capital structure of Nepalese insurance companies.
The result shows that average return on assets for Nepalese insurance companies is PICL (12.30 percent) and lowest for LIC (1.16 percent), average total return on equity for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC (41.73 percent) and lowest for PRIC (14.72 percent), average firm size for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC ( 23.79 million) and lowest for IGI (19.78 million), average premium growth for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for SLICL (56.84 percent), and lowest for UIC (14.89 percent), average assets tangibility for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NALIC (31%) and lowest for GICIL (1.75%), average liquidity for the Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC (8.51 percent) and lowest for SGIC (0.26 percent) and average leverage for the Nepalese insurance companies is highest for UIC (73.31 percent) and lowest for LIC (5.47 percent).
The descriptive statistics shows that return on assets ranges from a minimum of 0.00 percent to the maximum of 15.73 percent to the average of. 5.78. However, return on equity ranges from minimum of 2.84 percent to maximum of 70.05 percent leading to an average of 23.49 percent. The average firm size of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be with a minimum of 3.64 million and a maximum of 9.16 million with an average of 7.04 billion. Likewise, firm age a minimum of 1.00 years to maximum of -26 years with an average of 11.06 years. The average of premium growth of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be 30.09 percent with minimum of -47.90 percent and maximum of 298.09 percent. Similarly, the average of assets tangibility during the study period is noticed to be 10.11 percent with a minimum of 0.03 percent and a maximum of 54.42 percent. The liquidity ratio ranges from minimum of 0.03 percent to maximum of 17.22 percent, leading to an average of 2.37 percent and the average leverage ratio of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be with a minimum of 2.44 percent and a maximum of 85.15 percent with an average of 37.73 percent.
The results shows that there is a positive relationship between firm size and return on assets. This means that larger the firm size, higher would be the return on assets. Likewise, there is a positive relationship between premium growth and return on assets. This means that increase in premium growth leads to increase in return on assets. However, there is a negative relationship between assets tangibility and return on assets. This means that increase in assets tangibility leads to decrease in return on assets. Similarly, there is a negative relationship between liquidity and return on assets. This means that increase in liquidity ratio leads to decrease in return on assets. Further, there is a positive relationship between leverage and return on assets. This means that increase in total debt to total equity ratio leads to increase in return on assets.
Similarly, the result shows that there is a positive relationship between firm size and return on equity. This means that larger the firm size, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, premium growth has a positive relationship with return on equity. This indicates that increase in the premium leads to increase in return on equity. Similarly, assets tangibility has a positive relationship with return on equity. This means that increase in assets tangibility leads to increase in return on equity. Further, there is a positive relationship between liquidity and return on equity. This means that increase in liquidity ratio leads to increase in return on equity. Similarly, there is a negative relationship between leverage ratio and return on equity. This means that increase in leverage ratio leads to decrease in return on equity.
The regression analysis shows that beta coefficients are negative for liquidity and tangibility indicating that higher the liquidity and tangibility, lower would be the return on assets and vice-versa. However, it is positive for firm size, firm age, premium growth and leverage indicating that higher the firm size, firm age, premium growth and leverage higher would be the return on assets and vice-versa.
The regression analysis shows that beta coefficients are negative for firm age and leverage indicating that higher the firm age and leverage lower would be the return on equity and vice-versa. However, it is positive for firm size, premium growth, asset tangibility, and liquidity indicating that higher the firm size, premium growth, asset tangibility, and liquidity higher would be the return on equity and vice-versa.
Relationship between firm's characteristics and profitability of Nepalese insurance companies [printed text] / devi Deuba, Author . - 2019 . - 133p. ; GRP/Thesis + 2nd/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: The insurance sector plays an important role in the service-based economy and its services are now being integrated into wider financial industry. Insurance companies act as financial intermediaries. The Assessment on the determinants of performance of insurers has gained the importance in the corporate finance literature as they act as intermediaries, these companies not only provide the mechanism of risk transfer, but also helps to proper utilize the funds in an appropriate way to support the business activities in the economy. Financial institutions like insurance companies are very important to enhance economic growth and development. Insurance companies serve the needs of business units and private individuals in financial intermediation. Insurance companies play a key role in financial sector. In developed countries, it accounts for a significant portion of the economy. By collecting relative premium from many small individuals in the economy, insurance companies are able to pull a large pool of funds that could be invested in both short and long term periods in order to get profits from investments. Generally, the firm’s performance can be estimated by measuring the firm’s profitability, and insurer’s performance is related to such potential determinants as company’s size, leverage, tangibility, age of the company, and growth premium of written insurance premiums past performance. Profitability as a financial performance is the function of the ability of an organization to gain and manage the resources in several different ways to develop competitive advantage.
The study attempts to examine the relationship between firm’s characteristics and profitability of Nepalese insurance companies. Return on assets and return on equity are the dependent variables. The independent variables are firm size, firm age, premium growth rate, tangibility, liquidity and leverage. The study is based on secondary data of 16 insurance companies with 128 observations for the period of 2010/11 to 2017/18. The secondary data and information have been collected from annual reports of selected insurance companies. The regression models are estimated to test the significance and impact of different variables on financial stability of Nepalese insurance companies. The findings of the paper are largely original in the area of capital structure of Nepalese insurance companies.
The result shows that average return on assets for Nepalese insurance companies is PICL (12.30 percent) and lowest for LIC (1.16 percent), average total return on equity for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC (41.73 percent) and lowest for PRIC (14.72 percent), average firm size for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC ( 23.79 million) and lowest for IGI (19.78 million), average premium growth for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for SLICL (56.84 percent), and lowest for UIC (14.89 percent), average assets tangibility for Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NALIC (31%) and lowest for GICIL (1.75%), average liquidity for the Nepalese insurance companies is highest for NLIC (8.51 percent) and lowest for SGIC (0.26 percent) and average leverage for the Nepalese insurance companies is highest for UIC (73.31 percent) and lowest for LIC (5.47 percent).
The descriptive statistics shows that return on assets ranges from a minimum of 0.00 percent to the maximum of 15.73 percent to the average of. 5.78. However, return on equity ranges from minimum of 2.84 percent to maximum of 70.05 percent leading to an average of 23.49 percent. The average firm size of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be with a minimum of 3.64 million and a maximum of 9.16 million with an average of 7.04 billion. Likewise, firm age a minimum of 1.00 years to maximum of -26 years with an average of 11.06 years. The average of premium growth of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be 30.09 percent with minimum of -47.90 percent and maximum of 298.09 percent. Similarly, the average of assets tangibility during the study period is noticed to be 10.11 percent with a minimum of 0.03 percent and a maximum of 54.42 percent. The liquidity ratio ranges from minimum of 0.03 percent to maximum of 17.22 percent, leading to an average of 2.37 percent and the average leverage ratio of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be with a minimum of 2.44 percent and a maximum of 85.15 percent with an average of 37.73 percent.
The results shows that there is a positive relationship between firm size and return on assets. This means that larger the firm size, higher would be the return on assets. Likewise, there is a positive relationship between premium growth and return on assets. This means that increase in premium growth leads to increase in return on assets. However, there is a negative relationship between assets tangibility and return on assets. This means that increase in assets tangibility leads to decrease in return on assets. Similarly, there is a negative relationship between liquidity and return on assets. This means that increase in liquidity ratio leads to decrease in return on assets. Further, there is a positive relationship between leverage and return on assets. This means that increase in total debt to total equity ratio leads to increase in return on assets.
Similarly, the result shows that there is a positive relationship between firm size and return on equity. This means that larger the firm size, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, premium growth has a positive relationship with return on equity. This indicates that increase in the premium leads to increase in return on equity. Similarly, assets tangibility has a positive relationship with return on equity. This means that increase in assets tangibility leads to increase in return on equity. Further, there is a positive relationship between liquidity and return on equity. This means that increase in liquidity ratio leads to increase in return on equity. Similarly, there is a negative relationship between leverage ratio and return on equity. This means that increase in leverage ratio leads to decrease in return on equity.
The regression analysis shows that beta coefficients are negative for liquidity and tangibility indicating that higher the liquidity and tangibility, lower would be the return on assets and vice-versa. However, it is positive for firm size, firm age, premium growth and leverage indicating that higher the firm size, firm age, premium growth and leverage higher would be the return on assets and vice-versa.
The regression analysis shows that beta coefficients are negative for firm age and leverage indicating that higher the firm age and leverage lower would be the return on equity and vice-versa. However, it is positive for firm size, premium growth, asset tangibility, and liquidity indicating that higher the firm size, premium growth, asset tangibility, and liquidity higher would be the return on equity and vice-versa.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 672/D DEV Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility: A case of Nepalese insurance companies / Niraj Acharya
Title : Relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility: A case of Nepalese insurance companies Material Type: printed text Authors: Niraj Acharya, Author Pagination: 129p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 14/B Languages : English Abstract: Insurance companies play an important role for economic development and boost economic growth by providing risk management services to the people. One of the important functions of the insurance companies is the transfer of risk from the non-risk bearers to risk-bearers. Stock prices are known to be volatile to the financial news and information. The emergence of new data makes financial specialists to change their desires and this is the primary driver for price and return changes. Trading volume and stock returns are two significant pointers of trading movement in a stock market that are together controlled by similar market elements and may contain profitable data about a security (Lo and Wang, 2001). Trading volume reflects the combined reaction of speculators to new data, while price volatility catches the effect of that data on the normal change in financial specialists' desires.
Pricing of securities depends on volatility of each asset. Therefore, price changes indicate the average reaction of investors to news. The arrival of new information makes investors to adapt their expectations and this is the main cause for price and return changes. Trading volume and volatility are indicators of the current stock market activity on one hand and a potential source of information for the future behavior of stock market on the other hand (Dimsond Marsh, 1990). Return on stock prices and trading volume are two prime indicators of trading activities in a stock market. These factors are jointly determined by the same market dynamics and may contain valuable information about a security.
This study attempts to observe the relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility of Nepalese insurance companies. This study is based on secondary data of 19 insurance companies of Nepal for the time period of 2013/14 to 2017/19, leading to a total of 114 observations. Data and information have been collected from annual reports of the selected companies. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design as it deals with the relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility of Nepalese insurance companies.
The descriptive analysis shows that the average stock return of selected insurance companies under the study is -0.64, while the average of volatility is 59.62%. The average trading volume of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be 9.48 lakh units. Likewise, past trading volume has an average of 8.17 lakh units, the average of market capitalization of selected insurance companies during the study period is found to be 1.74. Similarly, the average of BTM during the study period is noticed to be 21.48. The average firm size is 1.31 and the average turnover ratio is 18.13% of selected insurance companies.
The correlation analysis shows that past trading volume has a positive relationship with stock return. It reveals that increase in past trading volume leads to increase in stock return. Similarly, market capitalization has a positive relationship with stock return. It indicates that higher the market capitalization value, higher would be the stock return. However, past trading volume has a negative relationship with return volatility. It reveals that the higher the past trading volume ratio, lower would be the return volatility. Similarly, book to market ratio, firm size and stock return have a negative relationship with return volatility. It reveals that higher the book to market ratio, firm size and stock return, lower would be the return volatility.
The regression result shows that there is negative relationship between stock return and trading volume which reveals that higher the value of trading volume, lower would be the stock return. Likewise, there is positive relationship between market capitalization and stock return which indicates that increase in market capitalization leads to increase in stock return. Similarly, there is positive relationship between firm size and stock return. It indicates that higher the firm size; higher would be the stock return. Likewise, there is positive relationship between book value per share and stock volatility which indicates that higher the book value per share, higher would be the stock volatility. Likewise, there is positive relation between trading volume and stock volatility which shows that increase in trading volume leads to increase in stock volatility.
Relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility: A case of Nepalese insurance companies [printed text] / Niraj Acharya, Author . - [s.d.] . - 129p. ; GRP/Thesis + 14/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: Insurance companies play an important role for economic development and boost economic growth by providing risk management services to the people. One of the important functions of the insurance companies is the transfer of risk from the non-risk bearers to risk-bearers. Stock prices are known to be volatile to the financial news and information. The emergence of new data makes financial specialists to change their desires and this is the primary driver for price and return changes. Trading volume and stock returns are two significant pointers of trading movement in a stock market that are together controlled by similar market elements and may contain profitable data about a security (Lo and Wang, 2001). Trading volume reflects the combined reaction of speculators to new data, while price volatility catches the effect of that data on the normal change in financial specialists' desires.
Pricing of securities depends on volatility of each asset. Therefore, price changes indicate the average reaction of investors to news. The arrival of new information makes investors to adapt their expectations and this is the main cause for price and return changes. Trading volume and volatility are indicators of the current stock market activity on one hand and a potential source of information for the future behavior of stock market on the other hand (Dimsond Marsh, 1990). Return on stock prices and trading volume are two prime indicators of trading activities in a stock market. These factors are jointly determined by the same market dynamics and may contain valuable information about a security.
This study attempts to observe the relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility of Nepalese insurance companies. This study is based on secondary data of 19 insurance companies of Nepal for the time period of 2013/14 to 2017/19, leading to a total of 114 observations. Data and information have been collected from annual reports of the selected companies. This study has employed descriptive research design and casual comparative research design as it deals with the relationship between trading volume, stock return and return volatility of Nepalese insurance companies.
The descriptive analysis shows that the average stock return of selected insurance companies under the study is -0.64, while the average of volatility is 59.62%. The average trading volume of selected insurance companies during the study period is noticed to be 9.48 lakh units. Likewise, past trading volume has an average of 8.17 lakh units, the average of market capitalization of selected insurance companies during the study period is found to be 1.74. Similarly, the average of BTM during the study period is noticed to be 21.48. The average firm size is 1.31 and the average turnover ratio is 18.13% of selected insurance companies.
The correlation analysis shows that past trading volume has a positive relationship with stock return. It reveals that increase in past trading volume leads to increase in stock return. Similarly, market capitalization has a positive relationship with stock return. It indicates that higher the market capitalization value, higher would be the stock return. However, past trading volume has a negative relationship with return volatility. It reveals that the higher the past trading volume ratio, lower would be the return volatility. Similarly, book to market ratio, firm size and stock return have a negative relationship with return volatility. It reveals that higher the book to market ratio, firm size and stock return, lower would be the return volatility.
The regression result shows that there is negative relationship between stock return and trading volume which reveals that higher the value of trading volume, lower would be the stock return. Likewise, there is positive relationship between market capitalization and stock return which indicates that increase in market capitalization leads to increase in stock return. Similarly, there is positive relationship between firm size and stock return. It indicates that higher the firm size; higher would be the stock return. Likewise, there is positive relationship between book value per share and stock volatility which indicates that higher the book value per share, higher would be the stock volatility. Likewise, there is positive relation between trading volume and stock volatility which shows that increase in trading volume leads to increase in stock volatility.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 659/D NIR Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available Relationship of organizational culture and leadership behavior with job satisfaction in nepalese commercial banks / Mary maharjan
Title : Relationship of organizational culture and leadership behavior with job satisfaction in nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Mary maharjan, Author Publication Date: 2019 Pagination: 113p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 2nd/Gmba Languages : English Abstract: Orgaization’s culture is viewed as a unique pattern of shared values, norms, attitudes, beliefs, ritual, expectations, assumptions of the employees in the orgaization which ends up shaping the socialization activities, language, symbols, rites and ceremonies of a group of people and which distinguish the members of one orgaization from another. Leaders' behavior can bring many forms, but it still aligns to cultural norms. Proper guidance by leaders and positive behavior will increase the job satisfaction of the employees. Nepal's banking industry is one of the most dynamic sectors in which the efficiency of employees is the only route out of the competition. Therefore, the level of job satisfaction in Nepalese banks needs to be determined. Not much of studies have been done the inefficiency and poor productivity of employees in this sector. The importance of job satisfaction for the success of organizations cannot be exaggerated. Employees are the human capital of organizations and their performance is a key indicator for organization to achieve its goals. Companies today are forced to have capable employees who can account on them to create competitive advantage.
The major purpose of the study is to examine the relationship of organizational culture and leadership behavior with job satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks. This study investigates the impact of specific factors on job satisfaction on employees of Nepalese commercial banks. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variable as job satisfaction and independent variables as organization culture (supportive culture, innovative culture, and bureaucratic culture) and leadership behavior. The study is based upon primary data source extracted from self-administered questionnaire. The primary data are used to extract information from the employees regarding the satisfaction of employees on various factors affecting employees’ performance in Nepalese commercial banks. Altogether 23 commercial banks were selected for the study and a total of 200 questionnaires were received. Structured questionnaire was prepared to achieve the purpose of the study.
The result indicates a positive correlation between supportive culture and job satisfaction. It shows that in Nepalese commercial banks, the greater the culture of support, the greater the job satisfaction of employees. Similarly, there was also a positive correlation between bureaucratic culture and job satisfaction. It indicates that in an organization, the greater the bureaucratic culture, the greater the workers ' job satisfaction. Likewise, there is a positive correlation between innovative culture and job satisfaction. It shows that the greater the innovative culture practice, the greater the job satisfaction at Nepalese commercial bank would be. In addition, there is also a positive correlation between leadership behavior and job satisfaction. It shows that increased activity of outstanding leadership behavior among Nepalese commercial banks staff would result in increased job satisfaction.
The regression result shows that the beta coefficient are positive and significant for supportive culture with job satisfaction. It indicates that supportive culture has positive influence on job satisfaction. Likewise, the result also shows the beta coefficient of bureaucratic culture to be positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that the bureaureaucratic culture culture has poisitive influence on job satisfaction. Furthermore the regression result also indicates that the beta coefficient of innovative culture are positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that increase in innovative culture would lead to increase in job satisfaction. Similarly, the beta coefficient of leadership behavior are positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that the leadership behavior has positive impact on job satisfaction.
The study's main conclusion is that organizational culture and leadership behavior play a prominent role in determining job satisfaction for employees. Commercial bank employees give organizational culture proxies such as supportive culture, innovative culture, and bureaucratic culture the highest ranking along with variable leadership behavior. The study demonstrates that all organizational culture factors have a positive effect on job satisfaction
Relationship of organizational culture and leadership behavior with job satisfaction in nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Mary maharjan, Author . - 2019 . - 113p. ; GRP/Thesis + 2nd/Gmba.
Languages : English
Abstract: Orgaization’s culture is viewed as a unique pattern of shared values, norms, attitudes, beliefs, ritual, expectations, assumptions of the employees in the orgaization which ends up shaping the socialization activities, language, symbols, rites and ceremonies of a group of people and which distinguish the members of one orgaization from another. Leaders' behavior can bring many forms, but it still aligns to cultural norms. Proper guidance by leaders and positive behavior will increase the job satisfaction of the employees. Nepal's banking industry is one of the most dynamic sectors in which the efficiency of employees is the only route out of the competition. Therefore, the level of job satisfaction in Nepalese banks needs to be determined. Not much of studies have been done the inefficiency and poor productivity of employees in this sector. The importance of job satisfaction for the success of organizations cannot be exaggerated. Employees are the human capital of organizations and their performance is a key indicator for organization to achieve its goals. Companies today are forced to have capable employees who can account on them to create competitive advantage.
The major purpose of the study is to examine the relationship of organizational culture and leadership behavior with job satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks. This study investigates the impact of specific factors on job satisfaction on employees of Nepalese commercial banks. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to estimate the relationship between dependent variable as job satisfaction and independent variables as organization culture (supportive culture, innovative culture, and bureaucratic culture) and leadership behavior. The study is based upon primary data source extracted from self-administered questionnaire. The primary data are used to extract information from the employees regarding the satisfaction of employees on various factors affecting employees’ performance in Nepalese commercial banks. Altogether 23 commercial banks were selected for the study and a total of 200 questionnaires were received. Structured questionnaire was prepared to achieve the purpose of the study.
The result indicates a positive correlation between supportive culture and job satisfaction. It shows that in Nepalese commercial banks, the greater the culture of support, the greater the job satisfaction of employees. Similarly, there was also a positive correlation between bureaucratic culture and job satisfaction. It indicates that in an organization, the greater the bureaucratic culture, the greater the workers ' job satisfaction. Likewise, there is a positive correlation between innovative culture and job satisfaction. It shows that the greater the innovative culture practice, the greater the job satisfaction at Nepalese commercial bank would be. In addition, there is also a positive correlation between leadership behavior and job satisfaction. It shows that increased activity of outstanding leadership behavior among Nepalese commercial banks staff would result in increased job satisfaction.
The regression result shows that the beta coefficient are positive and significant for supportive culture with job satisfaction. It indicates that supportive culture has positive influence on job satisfaction. Likewise, the result also shows the beta coefficient of bureaucratic culture to be positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that the bureaureaucratic culture culture has poisitive influence on job satisfaction. Furthermore the regression result also indicates that the beta coefficient of innovative culture are positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that increase in innovative culture would lead to increase in job satisfaction. Similarly, the beta coefficient of leadership behavior are positive and significant with job satisfaction. It indicates that the leadership behavior has positive impact on job satisfaction.
The study's main conclusion is that organizational culture and leadership behavior play a prominent role in determining job satisfaction for employees. Commercial bank employees give organizational culture proxies such as supportive culture, innovative culture, and bureaucratic culture the highest ranking along with variable leadership behavior. The study demonstrates that all organizational culture factors have a positive effect on job satisfaction
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 680/D MAR Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Philosophy & Psychology Available "Relative contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks " / Prativa Gurung
Title : "Relative contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks " Material Type: printed text Authors: Prativa Gurung, Author Publication Date: 2017 Pagination: 116p Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 8/B Languages : English Abstract: As financial intermediaries, banks play a crucial role in the operation of most economies. Economies that have a profitable banking sector are better able to withstand negative shocks and contribute to the stability of the financial system (Athanasoglou et al., 2005). On the other hand, the poor performance of the bank leads the financial institution to the possible crisis and insolvency. Profitability is one of the major concerns of any business because it shows surplus of profit over expense for a specified period of time that represents earning of the bank. Bank must earn profit to survive. Profitable banks are in better position to contribute positively to the gross domestic product of a nation. If the banking system in a country is effective, efficient and disciplined; it brings about a rapid growth in the various sectors of the economy (Saini and Sindhu, 2014).
Profitability is one of the major concerns of any business because it shows surplus of profit over expenses for a specified period of time that represent earnings of the banks. Bank must earn profit to survive. Profitability is the major driver behind banks willingness to higher amount of risk (Kosmidou, 2008). Return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net non-interest margin (NIM) are the three ratios which represent the profitability measures (San and Heng, 2013).
Firm performance depends upon micro economic variables and macro-economic variables. The micro economic determinants referred as industry specific variables affect bank profits, which are not the direct result of managerial decisions. The external determinants are variables that are not related to bank management but reflect the economic and legal environment that affects the operation and performance of financial institutions. Brinson et al. (1991) defined macro-economic variables as those that are pertinent to a broad economy at the regional or national level and affect a large population rather than a few selected individuals.
Otuori (2013) found that commercial bank contributes to economic growth of the country by making funds available for investors to borrow as well as financial deepening in the country. Ferreira (2016) stated that bank efficiency contributes positively to economic growth confirming the assumption that well-functioning banks are at least a necessary condition to the increase of the national income.
The major objective of this study is to determine the contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on secondary data of commercial banks of Nepal. Data are collected for the time period of 2008/09 to 2014/15. This study contains the sample of 20 commercial bank of Nepal, leading to a total of 140 observations. The necessary secondary data and information has been collected from the Annual Reports of selected commercial banks, Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank, and Central Bureau of Statistics. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to deal with the fundamental issues associated with the contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants of banks’ profitability.
The result shows that the average return on equity is highest for NBBL (45.67 percent) and lowest for NBL (-51.44 percent). The average return on assets is highest for NBBL (5.32 percent) and lowest for MBL (0.59 percent). The average net interest margin is highest for ADBL (5.76 percent) and lowest for NMB (2.31 percent).The bank size is highest for ADBL (Rs 24.96 billion) and lowest for LBL (Rs 23.19 billion). The capital adequacy ratio is highest for LBL (20.21 percent) and lowest for NBL (-3.47 percent). The average assets quality is highest for NBBL (7.20 percent) and lowest for EBL (0.53 percent). The average expenses management is highest for ADBL (4.52 percent) and lowest for PBL (0.94 percent). The average liquidity is highest for SCB (39.05 percent) and lowest for NSBI (17.33 percent). The inflation rate is highest in year 2012/13 (9.9 percent) and lowest in year 2014/15 (7.2 percent). The GDP is highest in year 2013/14 (5.4 percent) and lowest in year 2014/15 (3.4 percent).
The descriptive statistics for selected commercial banks show that the average ROE, ROA, NIM, BS, CAR, AQ, EM, LIQ, INF and GDP are 15.69 percent, 1.85 percent, 3.40 percent, Rs 24.22 billion, 11.92 percent, 2.29 percent, 1.85 percent, 26.51 percent, 8.77 percent, 4.40 percent respectively.
The correlation matrix shows that bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, and GDP are positively related to return on equity, while expenses management, liquidity and inflation are negatively related to return on equity. The result states that bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, expenses management, liquidity and GDP are positively related to return on assets, while inflation is negatively related to return on assets. Furthermore, bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, expenses management, liquidity and inflation are positively related to net interest margin, while GDP is negatively related to net interest margin.
The regression analysis reveals that bank size have positive impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio and assets quality have positive and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio and assets quality, higher would be the return on equity. However, expenses management has negative and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the expenses management, lower would be the return on equity.
The study also shows that bank size have positive impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management have positive and significant impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management, higher would be the return on assets. However, inflation has negative impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the inflation, lower would be the return on assets.
The result shows that bank size have positive impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the net interest margin. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management have positive and significant impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management, higher would be the net interest margin. However, GDP has negative impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the GDP, lower would be the net interest margin.
"Relative contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks " [printed text] / Prativa Gurung, Author . - 2017 . - 116p ; GRP/Thesis + 8/B.
Languages : English
Abstract: As financial intermediaries, banks play a crucial role in the operation of most economies. Economies that have a profitable banking sector are better able to withstand negative shocks and contribute to the stability of the financial system (Athanasoglou et al., 2005). On the other hand, the poor performance of the bank leads the financial institution to the possible crisis and insolvency. Profitability is one of the major concerns of any business because it shows surplus of profit over expense for a specified period of time that represents earning of the bank. Bank must earn profit to survive. Profitable banks are in better position to contribute positively to the gross domestic product of a nation. If the banking system in a country is effective, efficient and disciplined; it brings about a rapid growth in the various sectors of the economy (Saini and Sindhu, 2014).
Profitability is one of the major concerns of any business because it shows surplus of profit over expenses for a specified period of time that represent earnings of the banks. Bank must earn profit to survive. Profitability is the major driver behind banks willingness to higher amount of risk (Kosmidou, 2008). Return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net non-interest margin (NIM) are the three ratios which represent the profitability measures (San and Heng, 2013).
Firm performance depends upon micro economic variables and macro-economic variables. The micro economic determinants referred as industry specific variables affect bank profits, which are not the direct result of managerial decisions. The external determinants are variables that are not related to bank management but reflect the economic and legal environment that affects the operation and performance of financial institutions. Brinson et al. (1991) defined macro-economic variables as those that are pertinent to a broad economy at the regional or national level and affect a large population rather than a few selected individuals.
Otuori (2013) found that commercial bank contributes to economic growth of the country by making funds available for investors to borrow as well as financial deepening in the country. Ferreira (2016) stated that bank efficiency contributes positively to economic growth confirming the assumption that well-functioning banks are at least a necessary condition to the increase of the national income.
The major objective of this study is to determine the contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The study is based on secondary data of commercial banks of Nepal. Data are collected for the time period of 2008/09 to 2014/15. This study contains the sample of 20 commercial bank of Nepal, leading to a total of 140 observations. The necessary secondary data and information has been collected from the Annual Reports of selected commercial banks, Banking and Financial Statistics and Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank, and Central Bureau of Statistics. The study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research design to deal with the fundamental issues associated with the contribution of micro and macroeconomic determinants of banks’ profitability.
The result shows that the average return on equity is highest for NBBL (45.67 percent) and lowest for NBL (-51.44 percent). The average return on assets is highest for NBBL (5.32 percent) and lowest for MBL (0.59 percent). The average net interest margin is highest for ADBL (5.76 percent) and lowest for NMB (2.31 percent).The bank size is highest for ADBL (Rs 24.96 billion) and lowest for LBL (Rs 23.19 billion). The capital adequacy ratio is highest for LBL (20.21 percent) and lowest for NBL (-3.47 percent). The average assets quality is highest for NBBL (7.20 percent) and lowest for EBL (0.53 percent). The average expenses management is highest for ADBL (4.52 percent) and lowest for PBL (0.94 percent). The average liquidity is highest for SCB (39.05 percent) and lowest for NSBI (17.33 percent). The inflation rate is highest in year 2012/13 (9.9 percent) and lowest in year 2014/15 (7.2 percent). The GDP is highest in year 2013/14 (5.4 percent) and lowest in year 2014/15 (3.4 percent).
The descriptive statistics for selected commercial banks show that the average ROE, ROA, NIM, BS, CAR, AQ, EM, LIQ, INF and GDP are 15.69 percent, 1.85 percent, 3.40 percent, Rs 24.22 billion, 11.92 percent, 2.29 percent, 1.85 percent, 26.51 percent, 8.77 percent, 4.40 percent respectively.
The correlation matrix shows that bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, and GDP are positively related to return on equity, while expenses management, liquidity and inflation are negatively related to return on equity. The result states that bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, expenses management, liquidity and GDP are positively related to return on assets, while inflation is negatively related to return on assets. Furthermore, bank size, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality, expenses management, liquidity and inflation are positively related to net interest margin, while GDP is negatively related to net interest margin.
The regression analysis reveals that bank size have positive impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the return on equity. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio and assets quality have positive and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio and assets quality, higher would be the return on equity. However, expenses management has negative and significant impact on return on equity. It indicates that higher the expenses management, lower would be the return on equity.
The study also shows that bank size have positive impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the return on assets. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management have positive and significant impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management, higher would be the return on assets. However, inflation has negative impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the inflation, lower would be the return on assets.
The result shows that bank size have positive impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the bank size, higher would be the net interest margin. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management have positive and significant impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the capital adequacy ratio, assets quality and expenses management, higher would be the net interest margin. However, GDP has negative impact on net interest margin. It indicates that higher the GDP, lower would be the net interest margin.
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