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The effect of ownership structure and corporate governance on performance of Nepalese banks / Anshu Manandhar
Title : The effect of ownership structure and corporate governance on performance of Nepalese banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Anshu Manandhar, Author Publication Date: 2015 Pagination: 87p Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 5/B General note: Including bibilography Languages : English Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Corporate governanceKeywords: 'corporate governance corporations finance banks banks and banking commercial banks Nepal' Class number: 658.42 Abstract: Researchers over the last four decades believe that there is a connection between ownership structure and bank performance. There are many studies published to examine this relationship. The relationship between ownership structure and performance are studied extensively by several researchers. In regards to the relationship between ownership structure and profitability, researchers found different results. Some of the scholars state that, there is a country where ownership structure of banks affects positively to the profitability. Meanwhile, other researchers indicate the nonlinear negative or positive relationship of ownership structure and bank profitability
Corporate governance is a system by which companies are directed and controlled. Corporate governance is a way in which supplier of finance ensure themselves of getting return on their investment. Corporate governance is concerned with the ways and means by which the directors of the company are made responsible to its shareholders. Many companies have failed because of increasing corporate lootings. There is a doubt whether existing regulatory framework is adequate to deal with corporate fraud. Thus, in recent years, corporate governance has assumed a greater significance. This study on corporate governance and bank performance has been undertaken for Nepalese banks because Nepalese banking sector has gone sweeping changes and is emerging as a major sector of the economy.
The results in the prior studies on the effect of ownership structure, corporate governance on bank performance are mixed and unclear. Hence, this study has been conducted to get clear idea of effect of ownership structure, corporate governance on performance of Nepalese bank. For this, the sample of 21 commercial banks with data of 7 years from 2005/06 to 20012/13 has been taken. Data has been collected from various secondary sources like annual reports of sample banks and consolidated financial reports prepared by Nepal Rastra Bank. Descriptive statistics, portfolio analysis, correlation analysis, and ordinary least square regressions have been carried out to examine the secondary data.
The performance measures like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q of the banks have been used as the dependent variable while ownership structure variables like institutional ownership, concentrated ownership, government ownership, foreign ownership and other ownership likewise, corporate governance variables such as board size, bank age, debt ratio and liquidity ratio have been considered as independent variables. Based on the results, independent variables like concentrated ownership, government ownership, foreign ownership, other ownership bank age and debt ratio and board size of the banks in Nepal are important ownership structure and corporate governance variables in order of their relative importance that enhances the performance of the banks. To be more specific, institutional ownership, concentrated ownership, foreign ownership and bank age are the independent variables that tend to influence the performance in positive manner. It implies that increase in any of these variables is likely to augment the performance of the banks. In contrast, more number of board members tends to deteriorate the performance. Moreover, higher percentage of government ownership, more share holdings by general public, and higher debt financing tends to the poor performance of bank. Concentrated ownership, foreign ownership, government ownership, other ownership, bank age, board size and debt ratio are found to have significant relation with bank performance. Institutional ownership and liquidity ratio are found to be insignificant in predicting the performance of the banks.
The recommendation put forward by this study is that banks are suggested to increase the proportion of foreign ownership and institutional ownership to have better performance. On the other hand, it is recommended to reduce the number of board members, use of more debt financing, more percentage of government and general public share holdings in order to have better performance of the banks. The major limitation of this study lies in the fact that this study has excluded some bank specific variables that might influence on performance evaluation of banks. The study remains enough ground for future researcher in the same topic. The future studies can be carried out by selecting other financial institutions like development banks, public banks and finance companies to grab the wider view of banks’ risk taking behavior and performance evaluation. Furthermore, the future studies can select larger sample and more number of observation years for the study that could lead to much more valid prediction regarding effect of ownership structure and corporate governance variables on performance of the banks. Moreover, this study has only used secondary data. So, the future studies can be done by using both primary and secondary data.The effect of ownership structure and corporate governance on performance of Nepalese banks [printed text] / Anshu Manandhar, Author . - 2015 . - 87p ; GRP/Thesis + 5/B.
Including bibilography
Languages : English
Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Corporate governanceKeywords: 'corporate governance corporations finance banks banks and banking commercial banks Nepal' Class number: 658.42 Abstract: Researchers over the last four decades believe that there is a connection between ownership structure and bank performance. There are many studies published to examine this relationship. The relationship between ownership structure and performance are studied extensively by several researchers. In regards to the relationship between ownership structure and profitability, researchers found different results. Some of the scholars state that, there is a country where ownership structure of banks affects positively to the profitability. Meanwhile, other researchers indicate the nonlinear negative or positive relationship of ownership structure and bank profitability
Corporate governance is a system by which companies are directed and controlled. Corporate governance is a way in which supplier of finance ensure themselves of getting return on their investment. Corporate governance is concerned with the ways and means by which the directors of the company are made responsible to its shareholders. Many companies have failed because of increasing corporate lootings. There is a doubt whether existing regulatory framework is adequate to deal with corporate fraud. Thus, in recent years, corporate governance has assumed a greater significance. This study on corporate governance and bank performance has been undertaken for Nepalese banks because Nepalese banking sector has gone sweeping changes and is emerging as a major sector of the economy.
The results in the prior studies on the effect of ownership structure, corporate governance on bank performance are mixed and unclear. Hence, this study has been conducted to get clear idea of effect of ownership structure, corporate governance on performance of Nepalese bank. For this, the sample of 21 commercial banks with data of 7 years from 2005/06 to 20012/13 has been taken. Data has been collected from various secondary sources like annual reports of sample banks and consolidated financial reports prepared by Nepal Rastra Bank. Descriptive statistics, portfolio analysis, correlation analysis, and ordinary least square regressions have been carried out to examine the secondary data.
The performance measures like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q of the banks have been used as the dependent variable while ownership structure variables like institutional ownership, concentrated ownership, government ownership, foreign ownership and other ownership likewise, corporate governance variables such as board size, bank age, debt ratio and liquidity ratio have been considered as independent variables. Based on the results, independent variables like concentrated ownership, government ownership, foreign ownership, other ownership bank age and debt ratio and board size of the banks in Nepal are important ownership structure and corporate governance variables in order of their relative importance that enhances the performance of the banks. To be more specific, institutional ownership, concentrated ownership, foreign ownership and bank age are the independent variables that tend to influence the performance in positive manner. It implies that increase in any of these variables is likely to augment the performance of the banks. In contrast, more number of board members tends to deteriorate the performance. Moreover, higher percentage of government ownership, more share holdings by general public, and higher debt financing tends to the poor performance of bank. Concentrated ownership, foreign ownership, government ownership, other ownership, bank age, board size and debt ratio are found to have significant relation with bank performance. Institutional ownership and liquidity ratio are found to be insignificant in predicting the performance of the banks.
The recommendation put forward by this study is that banks are suggested to increase the proportion of foreign ownership and institutional ownership to have better performance. On the other hand, it is recommended to reduce the number of board members, use of more debt financing, more percentage of government and general public share holdings in order to have better performance of the banks. The major limitation of this study lies in the fact that this study has excluded some bank specific variables that might influence on performance evaluation of banks. The study remains enough ground for future researcher in the same topic. The future studies can be carried out by selecting other financial institutions like development banks, public banks and finance companies to grab the wider view of banks’ risk taking behavior and performance evaluation. Furthermore, the future studies can select larger sample and more number of observation years for the study that could lead to much more valid prediction regarding effect of ownership structure and corporate governance variables on performance of the banks. Moreover, this study has only used secondary data. So, the future studies can be done by using both primary and secondary data.Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 88/D 658.42 MAN Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Technology Available The effect of taxation of dividend Policy: a case of Nepalese commercial banks / Subash Neupane
Title : The effect of taxation of dividend Policy: a case of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Subash Neupane, Author Publication Date: 2015 Pagination: 96p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 5/B General note: Including bibilography Languages : English Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Dividend policy
DividendsKeywords: 'dividends dividend policy payouts commercial banks banks Nepal management capital market' Class number: 332.632 The effect of taxation of dividend Policy: a case of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Subash Neupane, Author . - 2015 . - 96p. ; GRP/Thesis + 5/B.
Including bibilography
Languages : English
Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Dividend policy
DividendsKeywords: 'dividends dividend policy payouts commercial banks banks Nepal management capital market' Class number: 332.632 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 98/D 332.632 NEU Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Social Sciences Available The effects of bank capital on profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial Banks / Jagriti Bohora
Title : The effects of bank capital on profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial Banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Jagriti Bohora, Author Publication Date: 2016 Pagination: 88p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 7/B Languages : English Descriptors: Banks and banking Class number: 332.109 Abstract: Banking sector plays a key role in the financial sector as an intermediary between borrowers and lenders. The depositing and lending operations are the essential activities in the household consumption and company’s investments parts on both domestic and foreign transactions that have significant impact on economic growth and stability. In modern finance, banks play a crucial role in the process of financial intermediation (Fungacova & Poghosyan, 2011). It is important for investigating the impact of capital on profitability and risk. More importantly, the recent credit crisis has emphasized the need to further understand the determinants of bank risk in an environment of lower bank capital (Festicet al., 2011). It is thus no surprise that the relationship between bank capital and risk has recently become a cause for concern, especially as the level of capital may give rise to both beneficial and adverse effects on bank profitability (Lee & Hsieh, 2013). Calomiris & Kahn (1991) banker’s have typically argued that being forced to hold more capital would jeopardize their performance, especially profitability, and the argument that higher capital need not be beneficial has found some support in the academic literature as well. The goal of this paper is to examine the effect of bank capital in profitability and risk.
The major purpose of the study is to examine the effects on bank capital on profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial banks. And the specific objectives are: to identify the structure and pattern of return on assets, return on equity, variance of return on assets, capital adequacy ratio, liquidity ratio, foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product, to find out the relationship of bank specific variables (capital adequacy ratio, liquidity ratio, foreign ownership) and macroeconomic variables (inflation and gross domestic product) with return of assets, return on equity and variance of return on assets, to examine the effect of gross domestic product and inflation on profitability and risk and to determine the major factors affecting profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial banks.
This study is based on the secondary data which includes the observation period of 6 years from 2009 to 2014 for 17 commercial banks which make total number of observations of 102.The secondary data are collected from the various issues of Banking and Financial Statistics, Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) and annual reports of concerned sample banks. For macroeconomic variables including inflation and gross domestic product growth rate, data have been collected from Quarterly Economic Bulletin publish by Nepal Rastra Bank. The study employed descriptive and causal comparative research designs.
The result shows that capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positively correlated to return on asset indicating higher the capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership, higher would be return on assets. The inflation and gross domestic product are positively correlated to return on assets. Liquidity ratio is negatively correlated to return on assets. Hence, it indicates that higher the liquidity, lower would be ROA. However, capital adequacy ratio and liquidity ratio are negatively correlated to return on equity. The foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product are positively related to return on equity. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positively related to variance of return on assets. Likewise, inflation and gross domestic product are positively related to variance of return on assets. Liquidity ratio is negatively related to variance of return on assets. The beta coefficients for capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positive. It indicates that capital adequacy and foreign ownership have significant positive impact on ROA. The beta coefficients for inflation and gross domestic product are positive with ROA. The beta coefficient is negative for liquidity ratio. The beta coefficients for foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product are positive and significant with ROE. The capital adequacy ratio and liquidity ratio has negative impact on return on equity. The beta coefficients for capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positive with variance of return on assets. The beta coefficients are positive for inflation and gross domestic product. However, liquidity has significant negative impact on variance of return on assets. The study found that liquidity ratio and foreign ownership are the major determinants of Nepalese commercial banks profitability and risk.
The effects of bank capital on profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial Banks [printed text] / Jagriti Bohora, Author . - 2016 . - 88p. ; GRP/Thesis + 7/B.
Languages : English
Descriptors: Banks and banking Class number: 332.109 Abstract: Banking sector plays a key role in the financial sector as an intermediary between borrowers and lenders. The depositing and lending operations are the essential activities in the household consumption and company’s investments parts on both domestic and foreign transactions that have significant impact on economic growth and stability. In modern finance, banks play a crucial role in the process of financial intermediation (Fungacova & Poghosyan, 2011). It is important for investigating the impact of capital on profitability and risk. More importantly, the recent credit crisis has emphasized the need to further understand the determinants of bank risk in an environment of lower bank capital (Festicet al., 2011). It is thus no surprise that the relationship between bank capital and risk has recently become a cause for concern, especially as the level of capital may give rise to both beneficial and adverse effects on bank profitability (Lee & Hsieh, 2013). Calomiris & Kahn (1991) banker’s have typically argued that being forced to hold more capital would jeopardize their performance, especially profitability, and the argument that higher capital need not be beneficial has found some support in the academic literature as well. The goal of this paper is to examine the effect of bank capital in profitability and risk.
The major purpose of the study is to examine the effects on bank capital on profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial banks. And the specific objectives are: to identify the structure and pattern of return on assets, return on equity, variance of return on assets, capital adequacy ratio, liquidity ratio, foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product, to find out the relationship of bank specific variables (capital adequacy ratio, liquidity ratio, foreign ownership) and macroeconomic variables (inflation and gross domestic product) with return of assets, return on equity and variance of return on assets, to examine the effect of gross domestic product and inflation on profitability and risk and to determine the major factors affecting profitability and risk of Nepalese commercial banks.
This study is based on the secondary data which includes the observation period of 6 years from 2009 to 2014 for 17 commercial banks which make total number of observations of 102.The secondary data are collected from the various issues of Banking and Financial Statistics, Bank Supervision Report published by Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) and annual reports of concerned sample banks. For macroeconomic variables including inflation and gross domestic product growth rate, data have been collected from Quarterly Economic Bulletin publish by Nepal Rastra Bank. The study employed descriptive and causal comparative research designs.
The result shows that capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positively correlated to return on asset indicating higher the capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership, higher would be return on assets. The inflation and gross domestic product are positively correlated to return on assets. Liquidity ratio is negatively correlated to return on assets. Hence, it indicates that higher the liquidity, lower would be ROA. However, capital adequacy ratio and liquidity ratio are negatively correlated to return on equity. The foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product are positively related to return on equity. Similarly, capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positively related to variance of return on assets. Likewise, inflation and gross domestic product are positively related to variance of return on assets. Liquidity ratio is negatively related to variance of return on assets. The beta coefficients for capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positive. It indicates that capital adequacy and foreign ownership have significant positive impact on ROA. The beta coefficients for inflation and gross domestic product are positive with ROA. The beta coefficient is negative for liquidity ratio. The beta coefficients for foreign ownership, inflation and gross domestic product are positive and significant with ROE. The capital adequacy ratio and liquidity ratio has negative impact on return on equity. The beta coefficients for capital adequacy ratio and foreign ownership are positive with variance of return on assets. The beta coefficients are positive for inflation and gross domestic product. However, liquidity has significant negative impact on variance of return on assets. The study found that liquidity ratio and foreign ownership are the major determinants of Nepalese commercial banks profitability and risk.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 235/D 332.109 BOH Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Social Sciences Available The effects of corporate governance on firm performance: a case study of Nepalese commercial bank / Rosa Pandey
Title : The effects of corporate governance on firm performance: a case study of Nepalese commercial bank Material Type: printed text Authors: Rosa Pandey, Author Publication Date: 2014 Pagination: 86p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 3/B General note: Including bibilography Languages : English Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Commercial banks
Corporate governance
Corporations-Finance
NepalKeywords: 'corporate governance corporations finance banks banks and banking commercial banks Nepal' Class number: 658.42 Abstract: Corporate governance is an important concept which has been put into practice because of the needs of corporations to constantly be efficient and perform better; and it is this need that has made corporate governance involves the allocation of authority and responsibilities, i.e. the manner in which the business and affairs of a bank’s strategy and objectives; determine the bank’s risk tolerance; operate the bank’s business on a day-to- day basis; protect the interests of depositors, meet shareholder obligations, and take into account the interests of other recognized stakeholders; and align corporate activities and behavior with the expectation that the bank will operate in a safe and sound manner, with integrity and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations (Basel Committee, 2010). Thus, this study aims to analyze the relationship of corporate governance structure with performance of banks.
Studies on corporate governance have documented the significant impact of corporate governance structures on performance in both developed and emerging economies. Among others, corporate governance variables like board independence, audit committee independence, CEO duality etc. has been found as significant in predicting the performance. Based on the reviews of previous studies this study has proposed the model that essentially emphasize on the role of board structure and mechanism and audit committee mechanism in shaping the performance of the banks. Based on the reviews of studies this study has conceptual model for the study that essentially emphasize on the role of board structure and mechanism and audit committee mechanism in shaping the performance of the banks.
The study has used stratified sampling technique to divide the population into private, public and joint-venture banks. In addition, systematic random sampling method has been used to select the sample of 17 commercial banks from each stratum. Primary data has been collected through questionnaire survey among employees and executives of the sample banks while 8 years data from 2004/05 to 2011/12 has been collected from various secondary sources like annual reports of sample banks and consolidated financial reports prepared by Nepal Rastra Bank. Frequency of responses, percentages has been used to analyze the primary data while descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression have been carried out to examine the secondary data. The performance measures like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) of the banks have been used as the dependent variable while corporate governance variables like board size, board independence, audit independence and audit activity, CEO duality and non-performing loan have been considered as independent variables.
Based on the results of primary and secondary data, board structure and mechanism, audit committee mechanism of the banks in Nepal are important corporate governance mechanism in order of their relative importance that enhances the performance of the banks. To be more specific, board independence, CEO duality and audit committee independence are the corporate governance mechanisms that tend to influence the performance in positive manner. It implies that increase in any of these variables is likely to increase the performance of the banks. Besides, board size and the audit committee meetings are found to be insignificant in predicting the performance of the banks.
The opinion survey reveals that the current provisions made by central bank regarding the corporate governance are insufficient. The study recommends the banks to improve the level of corporate governance that not only improve the performance of an individual bank but also ensures the stability of banking system. Moreover, banks are suggested to adopt faire corporate governance practices to promote market confidence, attract additional capital through good disclosure and transparency.
The effects of corporate governance on firm performance: a case study of Nepalese commercial bank [printed text] / Rosa Pandey, Author . - 2014 . - 86p. ; GRP/Thesis + 3/B.
Including bibilography
Languages : English
Descriptors: Banks
Banks and banking
Commercial banks
Corporate governance
Corporations-Finance
NepalKeywords: 'corporate governance corporations finance banks banks and banking commercial banks Nepal' Class number: 658.42 Abstract: Corporate governance is an important concept which has been put into practice because of the needs of corporations to constantly be efficient and perform better; and it is this need that has made corporate governance involves the allocation of authority and responsibilities, i.e. the manner in which the business and affairs of a bank’s strategy and objectives; determine the bank’s risk tolerance; operate the bank’s business on a day-to- day basis; protect the interests of depositors, meet shareholder obligations, and take into account the interests of other recognized stakeholders; and align corporate activities and behavior with the expectation that the bank will operate in a safe and sound manner, with integrity and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations (Basel Committee, 2010). Thus, this study aims to analyze the relationship of corporate governance structure with performance of banks.
Studies on corporate governance have documented the significant impact of corporate governance structures on performance in both developed and emerging economies. Among others, corporate governance variables like board independence, audit committee independence, CEO duality etc. has been found as significant in predicting the performance. Based on the reviews of previous studies this study has proposed the model that essentially emphasize on the role of board structure and mechanism and audit committee mechanism in shaping the performance of the banks. Based on the reviews of studies this study has conceptual model for the study that essentially emphasize on the role of board structure and mechanism and audit committee mechanism in shaping the performance of the banks.
The study has used stratified sampling technique to divide the population into private, public and joint-venture banks. In addition, systematic random sampling method has been used to select the sample of 17 commercial banks from each stratum. Primary data has been collected through questionnaire survey among employees and executives of the sample banks while 8 years data from 2004/05 to 2011/12 has been collected from various secondary sources like annual reports of sample banks and consolidated financial reports prepared by Nepal Rastra Bank. Frequency of responses, percentages has been used to analyze the primary data while descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression have been carried out to examine the secondary data. The performance measures like Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA) of the banks have been used as the dependent variable while corporate governance variables like board size, board independence, audit independence and audit activity, CEO duality and non-performing loan have been considered as independent variables.
Based on the results of primary and secondary data, board structure and mechanism, audit committee mechanism of the banks in Nepal are important corporate governance mechanism in order of their relative importance that enhances the performance of the banks. To be more specific, board independence, CEO duality and audit committee independence are the corporate governance mechanisms that tend to influence the performance in positive manner. It implies that increase in any of these variables is likely to increase the performance of the banks. Besides, board size and the audit committee meetings are found to be insignificant in predicting the performance of the banks.
The opinion survey reveals that the current provisions made by central bank regarding the corporate governance are insufficient. The study recommends the banks to improve the level of corporate governance that not only improve the performance of an individual bank but also ensures the stability of banking system. Moreover, banks are suggested to adopt faire corporate governance practices to promote market confidence, attract additional capital through good disclosure and transparency.
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 52/D 658.42 PAN Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Technology Available The impact of capital adequacy and credit risk on performance of Nepalese commercial banks / Kohinoor Thapaliya
Title : The impact of capital adequacy and credit risk on performance of Nepalese commercial banks Material Type: printed text Authors: Kohinoor Thapaliya, Author Publication Date: 2015 Pagination: 85p. Size: GRP/Thesis Accompanying material: 4/B General note: Including bibilography Languages : English Descriptors: Bank capital
Banks
Banks and banking
Capital adequacy
Commercial banksKeywords: 'capital adequacy capital adequacy bank capital financial performance' Class number: 332.120 The impact of capital adequacy and credit risk on performance of Nepalese commercial banks [printed text] / Kohinoor Thapaliya, Author . - 2015 . - 85p. ; GRP/Thesis + 4/B.
Including bibilography
Languages : English
Descriptors: Bank capital
Banks
Banks and banking
Capital adequacy
Commercial banksKeywords: 'capital adequacy capital adequacy bank capital financial performance' Class number: 332.120 Hold
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Barcode Call number Media type Location Section Status 135/D 332.120 THA Thesis/Dissertation Uniglobe Library Social Sciences Available The impact of credit risk management on profitability of commercial banks in Nepal / Divash Shakya
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